Xa umntwana eba nempumlo egobhozayo, ekhohlela, okanye enomkhuhlane, abazali abaninzi bacinga ngomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Kodwa uninzi lwezi zifo zokuphefumla—ingakumbi ezo zinzima kakhulu—zibangelwa yintsholongwane engaziwayo kangako:I-Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV).
Ukususela oko yafunyanwa ngo-2001, i-hMPV iye yabonakala njengenye yezona zinto ziphambili kwihlabathi liphela ezibangela usulelo lokuphefumla, ichaphazela kungekuphela nje abantwana kodwa nabantu abadala kunye nabantu abane-immune system ebuthathaka.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda impembelelo yokwenyani ye-hMPV—kungekuko ukunyusa uloyiko, kodwa ukuqinisa ulwazi, ukuphucula ukwenziwa kwezigqibo zonyango, kwaye ekugqibeleni kuncitshiswe umthwalo kwiinkqubo zempilo nakubantu abasengozini.
Isikali esingaqikelelwanga se-hMPV
Nangona zihlala zingcwatywa kwiindidi ezibanzi ezifana "nosulelo lokuphefumla olubangelwa yintsholongwane," idatha ityhila ukubaluleka okukhulu kwe-hMPV kwimpilo yoluntu:
Isizathu Esiphambili Ebantwaneni:
Ngowama-2018 kuphela, i-hMPV yayinoxanduvausulelo oluphezulu lokuphefumla oluphantsi olungaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-14kwayeamakhulu amawaka okulaliswa esibhedlelekubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu.
Ehlabathini jikelele, isoloko ichongwa njengeunobangela wesibini oxhaphakileyo wentsholongwane ye-pneumonia enzulu ebantwaneni, emva kweRespiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV).
Umthwalo Obalulekileyo Kubantu Abadala:
Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu bajongene nomngcipheko omkhulu wokulaliswa esibhedlele ngenxa ye-hMPV, behlala bebonakala bene-pneumonia kunye noxinzelelo olukhulu lokuphefumla. Iincopho zexesha lonyaka—ngesiqhelo kwiekupheleni kobusika nentwasahlobo—ingabeka uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kwiinkonzo zempilo.
Umngeni Wosulelo Oluhlangeneyo:
Ngenxa yokuba i-hMPV idla ngokujikeleza kunye ne-influenza, i-RSV, kunye ne-SARS-CoV-2, usulelo oluhambelanayo luyenzeka kwaye lunokukhokelela kwisifo esibi ngakumbi ngelixa lusenza kube nzima ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango.
Kutheni i-hMPV Ingaphezulu "Kokubanda Nje"
Kwabaninzi abantu abadala abasempilweni, i-hMPV isenokufana nomkhuhlane omncinci. Kodwa ubunzulu bokwenyani bentsholongwane buxhomekeke kuyoukuthambekela kokosulela indlela yokuphefumla esezantsikunye nempembelelo yayo kumaqela athile asemngciphekweni ophezulu.
Uhlu olubanzi lwezifo
i-hMPV inokubangela:I-Bronchiolitis; I-Pneumonia; Ukwanda okukhulu kwe-asthma; Ukuwohloka kwesifo esingapheliyo semiphunga (COPD)
Abemi Abasengozini Enkulu
-Iintsana Nabantwana Abancinci:
Iindlela zabo zomoya ezincinci zisengozini enkulu yokudumba kunye nokuqokelelana kwe-mucus.
-Abantu abadala:
Ukuncipha kwamandla omzimba okuzikhusela kunye nezifo ezingapheliyo kwandisa amathuba okuba neengxaki ezinzima.
-Izigulane ezingakwaziyo ukuzikhusela komzimba:
Aba bantu banokufumana usulelo oluhlala ixesha elide, oluqatha, okanye oluphindaphindayo.
Umngeni Oyintloko: Umsantsa Wokuxilonga
Isizathu esiphambili sokuba i-hMPV ingaqatshelwa kakuhle kukubaukungabikho kovavanyo oluqhelekileyo, olujoliswe kwiintsholongwanekwiindawo ezininzi zonyango. Iimpawu zayo azibonakali kangako kwezinye iintsholongwane zokuphefumla, nto leyo ekhokelela koku:
-Uxilongo oluphoswe okanye olulibazisekileyo
Iimeko ezininzi zibizwa ngokuba “lusulelo lwentsholongwane.”
-Ulawulo olungafanelekanga
Oku kunokuquka amayeza angeyomfuneko okubulala iintsholongwane kunye namathuba alahlekileyo onyango olufanelekileyo okanye ulawulo losulelo.
-Ukungathathelwa ngqalelo koMthwalo Wesifo Sokwenene
Ngaphandle kwedatha echanekileyo yokuxilonga, impembelelo ye-hMPV isafihliwe kakhulu kwizibalo zempilo yoluntu.
I-RT-PCR isengumgangatho wegolide wokufunyanwa, nto leyo egxininisa imfuneko yezisombululo zovavanyo lweemolekyuli ezifikelelekayo nezidibeneyo.
Ukuvala Umsantsa: Ukuguqula Ulwazi lube Yisenzo
Ukuphucula iziphumo ze-hMPV kufuna ulwazi olukhulu lwezonyango kunye nokufikelela kuxilongo olukhawulezileyo noluchanekileyo.
1. Ukuqinisa ukurhanelwa kwezonyango
Ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zonyango kufuneka baqwalasele i-hMPV xa bevavanya izigulane—ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, kunye nabantu abane-immune system ebuthathaka—ngexesha lokuphefumla elixakekileyo.
2. Uvavanyo lokuHlola oluCwangcisiweyo
Ukusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-molecular olukhawulezayo nolune-multiplex kwenza:
Ukhathalelo lweSigulana olujoliswe kulo
Unyango olufanelekileyo oluxhasayo kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa ngokungeyomfuneko kwee-antibiotics.
Ulawulo Olusebenzayo Losulelo
Ukuqokelelana kwangethuba kunye nokwahlukaniswa ukuze kuthintelwe ukuqhambuka kwesibhedlele.
Uqwalaselo Oluphuculweyo
Ukuqonda okucacileyo ngeentsholongwane zokuphefumla ezijikeleza, okuxhasa ukulungela impilo yoluntu.
3. Izisombululo zokuxilonga ezintsha
Iitekhnoloji ezifana neInkqubo yokuFumanisa i-Nucleic Acid ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo ye-AIO800ukujongana ngqo nezikhewu ezikhoyo.
Eli qonga "lokufaka isampuli, impendulo" liyayibonai-hMPV kunye nezinye izifo ezixhaphakileyo zokuphefumla ezili-13—kuquka iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane, i-RSV, kunye ne-SARS-CoV-2—ngaphakathimalunga nemizuzu engama-30.
Ukuhamba komsebenzi ozenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo
Ixesha lokusebenza ngezandla lingaphantsi kwemizuzu emi-5. Akukho mfuneko yabasebenzi abanobuchule beemolekyuli.
- Iziphumo ezikhawulezayo
Ixesha lokutshintsha kwempilo lemizuzu engama-30 lixhasa iimeko zeklinikhi ezingxamisekileyo.
- 14Ukufunyanwa kwePathogen Multiplex
Ukuchonga ngaxeshanye:
Iintsholongwane:I-COVID-19, umkhuhlane A & B,RSV,Adv,hMPV,Rhv,Parainfluenza iindidi I-IV, HBoV,EV,CoV
Iintsholongwane:MP,Cpn,SP
-IiReagents eziLungileyo eziZinzileyo kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi (2–30°C)
Yenza kube lula ukugcina nokuthutha, isusa ukuxhomekeka kwi-cold-chain.
Inkqubo Yokuthintela Ungcoliseko Eqinileyo
Amanyathelo okulwa nongcoliseko aneeleya ezili-11 kuquka ukubulala iintsholongwane kwi-UV, ukuhluza i-HEPA, kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi we-cartridge evaliweyo, njl.
Iyakwazi Ukulungelelaniswa Kuzo Zonke Izicwangciso
Ilungele iilabhoratri zesibhedlele, amasebe angxamisekileyo, iiCDC, iikliniki ezihambahambayo, kunye nemisebenzi yasentsimini.
Izisombululo ezinjalo zinika amandla oogqirha ngeziphumo ezikhawulezayo nezithembekileyo ezinokukhokela izigqibo ezifike ngexesha nezisekelwe kulwazi.
i-hMPV yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo ene-impembelelo engaqhelekanga engajongwaUkuqonda ukuba i-hMPV idlula "umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo" kubalulekile ekuphuculeni iziphumo zempilo yokuphefumla.
Ngokudibanisaukuqapha okukhulu kwezonyangokunyeizixhobo zokuxilonga eziphambili, iinkqubo zokhathalelo lwempilo zinokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo i-hMPV, ziphucule ukhathalelo lwezigulane, kwaye zinciphise umthwalo wayo obalulekileyo kuwo onke amaqela eminyaka.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-08-2025