Uhlobo olutsha lwe-influenza olusandula ukuvela—I-Influenza A(H3N2) Subclade K—iqhuba umsebenzi womkhuhlane ongaqhelekanga kwiindawo ezininzi, ibeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kwiinkqubo zezempilo zehlabathi. Kwangaxeshanye, izinto ezintsha zokuxilonga ziqala kwiuhlolo olukhawulezileyo lwe-antigenukuyauvavanyo lwemolekyuli oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyoukuyaulandelelwano olupheleleyo lwe-genomebatshintsha indlela esibona, siqinisekisa, kwaye siqonda ngayo iingozi ezitshintshayo zentsholongwane.
Xa zizonke, ezi ntuthuko zibonisa utshintsho oluya kwindlela echanekileyo neyahlukeneyo yokulawula izifo ezithathelwanayo zokuphefumla.
Uhlobo Olutshintsha Umdlalo: Yintoni Eyenza i-Subclade K Yahluke
I-Subclade Kimele isebe elitsha lemfuza elisandul’ ukuguquka ngaphakathi komgca we-H3N2, elibunjwe ziinguqu eziqhubekayo kwiproteni ye-hemagglutinin (HA). Nangona kulindeleke ukuba i-antigenic drift, i-Subclade K izibonakalise ngokukhawuleza ngeempawu ezimbini ezibalulekileyo:
Ukubaleka Ngomzimba
Iinguqu eziphambili ze-HA zitshintsha iprofayili ye-antigenic yentsholongwane, zinciphisa ukufana kwayo ne:
-Iintlobo eziqukiweyo kwiigonyo zomkhuhlane ezikhoyo ngoku
-Ukhuselo lomzimba olwakhelwe kwiintsholongwane zamva nje
Oku kubangela izinga eliphezulu losulelo oluqhubekekayo.
Ukuqina Kokudluliselwa Komzimba Okuphuculweyo
Utshintsho kwisakhiwo lunokuphucula amandla entsholongwane okubophelela kwii-receptors ezikwindlela ephezulu yokuphefumla, nto leyo enika i-Subclade K ithuba lokhuphiswano ekudluliseleni.
Impembelelo yeHlabathi
Idatha yokujonga evela kumazwe aseAsia naseYurophu ibonisa ukuba iSubclade K ibalaselengaphezulu kwe-90%ukufunyanwa kwe-H3N2 kutshanje. Ukusasazeka kwayo ngokukhawuleza kube negalelo kwixesha lomkhuhlane langaphambili kunye nomthwalo wokhathalelo lwempilo owandileyo, nto leyo egxininisa imfuneko yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokufumanisa ezilungiselelwe iimeko zonyango, zoluntu, kunye nezempilo yoluntu.
Isakhelo sokuHlola esinamanqanaba amathathu se-Subclade K
Uhlobo lomkhuhlane olutshintsha ngokukhawuleza lufunaicebo lokuxilonga elinamanqanaba ahlukeneyo nelincedisayooko kuvumela:
-Ukuhlolwa ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo zoluntu
-Ukuqinisekiswa okukhawulezileyo nokuchanekileyo kwiimeko zeklinikhi
-uhlalutyo olunzulu lwe-genomic lokujonga nophando
Apha ngezantsi kukho isakhelo esidibeneyo sezisombululo ezintathu.
1.Uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo:i-flexible 2~6-in-1Uvavanyo lwe-Antigen (Immunochromatography)
Ilungele:
Iikliniki zokhathalelo oluphambili, amasebe ezigulane ezingalaliswanga, amagumbi ezempilo ezikolo, iikliniki zomsebenzi, kunye novavanyo lokuzihlola ekhaya.
Kutheni kubalulekile:
Ezi zicwangciso zifuna ukuhlolwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nezigqibo ezikhawulezileyo ukuthintela ukusasazeka kunye nokukhokela amanyathelo alandelayo.
Ezona mpawu:
-Ukusebenza okulula, okungenazixhobo
-Iziphumo ziyafumaneka kwiimizuzu eli-15
Ivumela ukuchongwa ngokukhawuleza kosulelo lwe-Influenza A kunye ne-B okanye ezinye izifo zokuphefumla eziqhelekileyo.
Olu vavanyo lwenzaumgca wokuqala wokuchonga kwinqanaba loluntu, inceda ekuchongeni ngokukhawuleza amatyala arhanelwayo nokufumanisa ukuba kuyimfuneko na ukuqinisekiswa kwemolekyuli.
1.Ukuqinisekiswa kweMolekyuli okuKhawulezayo: I-AIO800 izenzekelayo ngokupheleleyoIimolekyuliInkqubo yokuQonda+Ikhithi yokuHlola ukuPhefumla eyi-14 kwi-1
Ilungele:
Amasebe angxamisekileyo esibhedlele, amagumbi okulala abantu abagulayo, iikliniki zomkhuhlane, kunye neelabhoratri zokuxilonga zengingqi.
Kutheni kubalulekile:
Ngenxa yokuba iSubclade K iyakwazi ukusinda kwizifo kunye nokudibana kweempawu nezinye izifo zokuphefumla, ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo kubalulekile ukuze:
-Ukuthatha isigqibo ngonyango lwe-antiviral olufana ne-oseltamivir
-Ukwahlula i-influenza kwi-RSV, i-adenovirus, okanye ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane
-Ukwenza izigqibo zokulaliswa esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza okanye zokwahlukaniswa
Ezona mpawu:
-Umsebenzi wokusebenza ozenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo "ongena kwisampulu, ophuma kwiziphumo" ngokwenene
-Izisa iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-nucleic acid kwiImizuzu engama-30–45
-Iiphaneli ze-PCR ezininzi zexesha langempela ziyabhaqwa14izifo zokuphefumlanokuba i-viral load iphantsi kakhulu.
I-AIO800 isebenza njengeumongo weklinikhiukuxilongwa komkhuhlane wanamhlanje, okuvumela ukuqinisekiswa okukhawulezileyo nokuchanekileyo kunye nokuxhasa ukubekwa kweliso kwempilo yoluntu ngexesha langempela.
3. Uphando olunzulu ngentsholongwane: Ulandelelwano olupheleleyo lweentsholongwane zomkhuhlane
Ilungele:
Amaziko oLawulo lweZifo, amaziko ophando, iindawo zokujonga iintsholongwane, kunye neelabhoratri zempilo yoluntu zesizwe okanye zengingqi.
Kutheni kubalulekile:
I-Subclade K—kunye neenguqulelo zexesha elizayo—kufuneka zihlale zijongiwe kwinqanaba le-genomic ukuze kuqondwe oku:
-Ukukhukhuleka kwe-antigenic
-Utshintsho lokumelana ne-antiviral
-Ukuvela kweenguqulelo ezintsha
-Iinethiwekhi zothutho kunye nemvelaphi yobhubhane
Ezona mpawu:
-Inkonzo yokuphela ukusuka ekukhutshweni kwesampulu ukuya ekulungisweni kwethala leencwadi, ukulandelelana, kunye nohlalutyo lwe-bioinformatic
-Ibonelela ngolandelelwano olupheleleyo lwe-genome yentsholongwane
-Ivumela uhlalutyo lweeprofayili zoguquko, imithi ye-phylogenetic, kunye ne-dynamics yokuzivelela kwezinto
Ulandelelwano lwe-genome epheleleyo lumeleumaleko onzulu wokuxilonga, enika ulwazi olunika ulwazi ngohlaziyo lwemithi yokugonya, izigqibo zomgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nehlabathi jikelele
izikhokelo zokubeka esweni.
Ukuya kwiNkqubo yoLawulo loMkhuhlane oluQhutywa ngokuchanekileyo
Indibaniselwano yesongelo sentsholongwane esitshintsha ngokukhawuleza kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili bokuxilonga buqhuba utshintsho kwisicwangciso sempilo yoluntu.
1. Ukusuka kwi-Guesswork esekelwe kwiimpawu ukuya kuvavanyo oluchanekileyo
Ukuhlolwa kwe-antigen → ukuqinisekiswa kwemolekyuli → ukulandelela i-genomic kwenza umjelo opheleleyo wokuchonga.
2. Ukusuka kwiNkathazo yokuphendula ukuya kwiNkathazo yeXesha langempela
Uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo oluqhubekayo kunye nedatha ye-genomic eqhubekayo ixhasa izilumkiso zakwangoko kunye nohlengahlengiso olutshintshayo lwemigaqo-nkqubo.
3. Ukusuka kwiMilinganiselo eQhekeziweyo ukuya kuLawulo oluDibeneyo
Ukugonywa, ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza, unyango lweentsholongwane, kunye nokungenelela kwempilo yoluntu kudala inkqubo yokuzikhusela edibeneyo.
Ngaphakathi kwesi sikhokelo, uvavanyo lwe-antigen lubonelelaisihluzo esingaphambili, i-AIO800 inikaukuchaneka kweklinikhi, kunye nezibonelelo zokulandelelana kwe-genome epheleleyoubunzulu beqhinga— kunye benza ukhuselo olunamandla kwi-Subclade K kunye nezinye iintlobo ze-influenza ezizayo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-10-2025