Uhlaziyo lweDengue kunye neChikungunya Epidemiologic: Umngcipheko okhulayo weHlabathi phakathi kweMozulu kunye nabaqhubi bohambo

Xa sele zigcinwe kwiindawo ezishushu, izifo ezibangelwa yingcongconi ziyanda ngokukhawuleza. I-Dengue kunye ne-chikungunya, zineentsholongwane ezifanayo, iimpawu ezifanayo, kunye neempawu ezikhulayo zeendawo, ziyaguquka ukusuka ekuqhambukeni kwezifo ezingaqhelekanga ukuya kwingozi eqhubekayo yehlabathi, eqhutywa lutshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokunyuka kohambo lwamazwe ngamazwe.

Idatha yakutshanje ibonisa ukuba zombini iintsholongwane ziyanda kwiindawo ezininzi. KwiNtshona yePasifiki, iCambodia ibike amatyala e-dengue angama-4,338 (ukusukela nge-10 kaMatshi 2026), iTimor-Leste ibone ukwanda okuphindwe kalishumi ngoFebruwari 2026 xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo, kwaye iSri Lanka ibike amatyala angama-5,724 ngoFebruwari kuphela - inani eliphezulu lenyanga. ISingapore iyaqhubeka nokubona i-DENV-2 njenge-serotype ebalaseleyo.

EMelika, amazwe ali-18 aqhubeka nokuqhambuka kwe-CHIKVD. Ukusukela ngoMatshi 2026, lo mmandla urekhode amatyala angama-32,529 kunye nokufa okuli-9, apho iBrazil ibethwe kakhulu. Usulelo lwasekuhlaleni luphinde lwavela kwiindawo ezazingenalo intsholongwane kangangeminyaka, kuquka iSaint Lucia, eyabika ityala layo lokuqala elifunyenwe apha ukusukela ngo-2021. ISuriname ijongene nobhubhane okhula ngokukhawuleza (amatyala ali-1,357 aqinisekisiweyo, ukufa oku-1; usulelo lokwenyani lunokudlula ama-4,000). E-Afrika, ukuqhambuka kuyaqhubeka eKenya, eMadagascar, eSomalia, naseSeychelles - nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-CDC ilumkise ngeNqanaba lesi-2 lokuya eSeychelles. IYurophu ibone amatyala ambalwa (ali-14 kwilizwekazi laseFransi naseCorsica), kodwa utshintsho lwemozulu luyandisa indawo yokuhlala yengcongconi yengwe emantla.

Ezi ndlela zibonisa into ephambili engxamisekileyo:amandla okuxilongaNgaphandle kovavanyo oluchanekileyo nolufike ngexesha, ukuqhambuka kwesifo akubonakali de kube kuyanda. Ukuxilongwa okuqinileyo - ukusuka kuvavanyo olukhawulezileyo ukuya kuvavanyo lweemolekyuli - kubalulekile ekuqinisekisweni kwetyala, ulawulo lwesigulane, ukujonga i-serotype, kunye nokuqhekeka kweendlela zokudlulisela. Ukuphendula oku,I-China yaphinda yahlulahlula i-dengue kunye ne-chikungunya njengezifo ezixeliweyo zodidi B (iqala ukusebenza nge-1 ka-Epreli, 2026)), iyalela ukuba kunikwe ingxelo engqongqo yelabhoratri. Abasemagunyeni baseTshayina bavavanya ukuba ngo-2026, umngcipheko wamatyala angeniswayo abangela ukuqhambuka kwezifo zasekuhlaleni uphezulu kunakwiminyaka edlulileyo. Njengoko amaqondo obushushu enyuka kwaye uhambo luphinda lubuyele esiqhelweni, ukutyala imali ekulungiseleleni ukuxilongwa ngundoqo ekutshintsheni ukusuka kulawulo loqhambuka olusabelayo ukuya kuthintelo lwasekuqaleni nolusebenzayo.

Izisombululo eziDibeneyo zeMacro kunye neMicro-Test zeentsholongwane ezithwalwa yiMosquito

Ukuxhasa uluhlu olupheleleyo lweendlela zokulawula i-dengue kunye ne-chikungunya,I-Macro & Micro-Test ibonelela ngepotifoliyo yokuxilonga edibeneyo egubungela uhlolo olukhawulezileyo, ukuqinisekiswa kwemolekyuli, kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-genomic.

Ezi zisombululo zivumela amaziko ezempilo kunye neelabhoratri ukuba ziphendule ngokufanelekileyo kuzo zonkeamanqanaba ahlukeneyo olawulo lobhubhane, ukususela ekuhlolweni kwangaphambili ukuya kuphando oluphambili lwe-epidemiological.

Imeko 1: Ukuhlolwa Okukhawulezileyo kunye nokubekwa esweni okujoliswe kuko

Isicelo: Iikliniki zomkhuhlane kunye nezibonelelo zonyango oluphambili, Ukuhlolwa koluntu kwiindawo eziqhambukileyo, Impilo yezibuko kunye nezikhululo zokuvalelwa zodwa emideni.

I-Dengue NS1 Antigen:Ivumela ukufunyanwa kwangethubakwiintsuku ezi-1-3 emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile, iziphumo zifumaneka kwiimizuzu eli-15.

I-Dengue Virus IgM/IgG Antibody: Ixhasa ukuqinisekiswa kweusulelo oluphambili nolwesibini.

I-Dengue NS1 Antigen + IgM/IgG Duzonke:Ukufunyanwa kwe-antigen kunye ne-antibody ngaxeshanye, okugubungelazombini izigaba zokuqala nezokugqibela zosulelo.

I-Chikungunya Virus IgM/IgG Antibody: Ivumela uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo lweusulelo lwakutshanje okanye ukuchatshazelwa kwangaphambili.

Imeko yesi-2: Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza

Isicelo:Iilabhoratri zeklinikhi zesibhedlele, iilabhoratri ze-CDC zeSizwe nezengingqi, iilabhoratri ezihambayo zokusabela kubhubhane.

I-Dengue Virus I/II/III/IV Nucleic Acid:Ifumanisa kwaye yahlule ii-serotypes ezine ze-dengue ezingaphantsi kwama-500 copies/mL.

I-LyophilizedI-Dengue Virus PCR Kit: Ivumela ukuthuthwa kobushushu begumbi kunye nokufakwa ngokukhawuleza.

I-Dengue/IZika/IChikungunya I-Multiplex:Ukufunyanwa ngaxeshanye kwee-arbovirus ezintathu eziphambili, okuvumela ukuxilongwa okusebenzayo kokwahluka ngexesha lokuqhambuka okuntsonkothileyo.

Ikhithi yokuFumanisa iChikungunya Virus PCR: Ifanelekile kwiimeko zosulelo lwangethuba kunye neemeko eziphantsi zomthwalo wentsholongwane kunye ne-LoD yeekopi ezingama-200/mL.

Iyahambelana neInkqubo yeSampuli yokuPhendula ye-AIO 800 ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo, ukunciphisa ukusebenza ngesandla kunye nomngcipheko wongcoliseko

Imeko 3: Uhlolo lweGenomic kunye noHlalutyo loMnombo weNtsholongwane

Isicelo: Iilebhu zesizwe ezibhekisayo, Amaziko ophando lwempilo yoluntu, Amaziko ophando lwezemfundo kunye ne-epidemiological

-Iinkxasouphando lokulandelela imvelaphi yentsholongwane kunye nokuqhambuka kwayo

-Iyavumelaukujonga utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo kunye nohlalutyo lokuzivelela kwezinto

-Iindlela zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo zombini iipayipi zokulandelelana ngesandla kunye nezizenzekelayo, okuvumela ukwanda kokuphuma kunye nokuphindaphinda.

Izisombululo zeSifo seMosborne seMacro kunye neMicro-Test: Zichanekile, Zithembekile, Zibanzi

Kuvavanyo lomgangatho wangaphandle wesizwe (i-EQA) lwentsholongwane ye-chikungunya ebandakanya iilabhoratri eziphambili kulo lonke elaseTshayina, iMacro kunye neMicro-Test zifezekisiwe.Izinga lokupasa eliyi-100% kuzo zombini iindlela zobuntununtunu kunye nokucacisa— zonke iisampulu zichongiwe ngokuchanekileyo ngaphandle kweziphumo ezingezizo ezilungileyo okanye ezimbi ezingezizo ezilungileyo, nto leyo eqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo ukuqina nokuthembeka kwesisombululo kwiindawo zonyango nakwiindawo zokujonga zehlabathi lokwenyani.

I-Macro & Micro-Test ibonelela ngomsebenzi opheleleyo wokuxilonga ukubhaqwa kwentsholongwane ethwalwa ziingcongconi, ixhasa onke amanqanaba abalulekileyo olawulo lokuqhambuka kwesifo:

Ukuhlolwa ngokukhawulezakwiindawo zokhathalelo lwempilo ezingaphambili

Ukuqinisekiswa kwemolekyuliukuze kufunyanwe isifo ngokuchanekileyo

Uhlalutyo lwe-genome epheleleyoukujonga ubhubhane

Ngovavanyo olusebenza kakuhle, iindlela zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo, kunye namaqonga okulungela ukwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo, isisombululo sixhobisa iilabhoratri kunye neenkqubo zempilo yoluntu ukuqinisa ukulungela kunye nokuphendula kwiingozi ze-arbovirus ezivelayo kwihlabathi liphela.

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