Isishwankathelo soQhushululu: Uhambo olubulalayo
Ngo-Epreli ka-2026, inqanawa yaseDatshi eyayineflegi ye-MS Hondius yasuka e-Ushuaia, eArgentina. Ngomhla wesi-6 ku-Epreli, umkhweli waba nomkhuhlane kunye nentloko ebuhlungu, wafa emva kweentsuku ezintlanu. Umfazi wakhe naye wagula waza wasweleka emva kokutshintshelwa eMzantsi Afrika. Emva koko, umkhweli waseBritane oneminyaka engama-69 ubudala wavavanywa ene-hantavirus kwaye ukwigumbi lonyango oluphezulu. Ukusukela ngomhla wesi-4 kuMeyi, i-WHO ibike.amatyala asixhenxe (ababini baqinisekisiwe, amahlanu arhanelwayo) kunye nokufa kwabathathu.
Yintoni iHantavirus kwaye Kutheni Ibangele Inkxalabo Ngamazwe Ngamazwe?
IiHantavirus zizifo ezibangela iintsholongwane ikakhuluithwalwa ziimpukuAbantu bosulelwa kukuphefumla ii-aerosols ezivela kwilindle lezilwanyana ezosulelekileyo. Iimpawu zokuqala zifana nomkhuhlane, kodwa esi sifo sinokukhokelela ngokukhawuleza ekungakwazini ukuphefumla. Ukususela ngoMeyi 2026,akukho gonyo lilayisenisiweyo okanye i-antiviral ethileunyango luyafumaneka. EMelika,I-hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) inezinga lokufa kwabantu abayi-38 40%Ehlabathini lonke, kuqikelelwa ukuba kukho amatyala ayi-150,000 angama-200,000 ayenzeka minyaka le. Ixesha lokufukamela lingabaIiveki ezili-1 ukuya kwezisi-8, okwenza kube nzima ukulandelwa kwemithombo.
Iphethini yoThumelo engaqhelekanga: Ukulandelela uMthombo kwiNqanawa yoKhenketho
IiHantavirus zingokwesiko zifunyanwa ngokuchatshazelwa yindalo esingqongileyo, kungekhona ngokusasazeka komntu komnye umntuNangona kunjalo, uGqr. Maria Van Kerkhove we-WHO uqaphele ukuba "phakathi kwabantu abasondeleyo, njengamaqabane okanye abantu abahlala kunye kwikhabhathi enye, inqanaba elithilekusenokwenzeka ukuba ukudluliselwa komntu komnye umntu kwenzeke.” Ukuchatshazelwa kwendalo kusenokwenzeka njengoko inqanawa ityelele iziqithi ezineempuku ezininzi. Iinqanawa zohambo ngenqanawa – ezixineneyo, ezivalekileyo nezinezibonelelo zonyango ezimbalwa – ziindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu bokugula kakhulu.Ukuchongwa ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo kohlobo losulelokwaye uthungelwano lothumelo lubalulekile.
Impendulo yaMazwe ngaMazwe kunye noPhuhliso lwamva nje
Emva kobhubhane, amazwe amaninzi kunye nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe baphendule ngokukhawuleza:
-Unxibelelwano lwe-WHO namazwe achaphazelekayo.I-WHO ikhuphe izaziso zokuqhambuka kwesifo phantsi kweMigaqo yezeMpilo yeHlabathi kwaye iququzelela iimpendulo. UGqr. Van Kerkhove uthe i-WHO isebenzisana nabasemagunyeni baseSpain ukwenza lula ukufakwa kwenqanawa ukuze kuphandwe ngezifo ezibangelwa kukufa kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane.
-Ukudluliselwa kwezigulane ezigula kakhulu.UMzantsi Afrika uqinisekisile ukuba isigulana saseBritane esigula kakhulu sifumana unyango olukhethekileyo eRhawutini. Abasemagunyeni baseDatshi baququzelela ukubuyiselwa kwabantu ababini abasebenza apho abagulayo kunye nezidumbu zabangasekhoyo ngenqwelo moya evaliweyo.
-Ulandelelwano lweentsholongwane luyaqhubeka.UGqr. Van Kerkhove utyhile ukuba abaphandi baseMzantsi Afrika bayaqhubeka nokulandelelana kweentsholongwane. I-ECDC iphanda uhlobo lwentsholongwane, umthombo wosulelo, ubungakanani bokusasazeka kwayo, kunye nokosuleleka kwayo phakathi kwabantu.
Kutheni Kubalulekile Ukufumanisa Nokulandelela ngokuchanekileyo
Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nokulandelela ngokuchanekileyo kuxhomekekeukuxilongwa kweemolekyuli eziphambili kunye nokulandelelanaI-WHO iqaphele ukuba la matyala mabini aqinisekisiweyo afunyaniswe nge-PCR. Ukwahlula ukuvezwa kwendalo, ukudluliselwa koqhagamshelwano olusondeleyo, okanye usulelo ngaphambi kokungena kufuna iindlela eziphezulu zokusombulula ingxaki. Ukulandelelana kwe-genome epheleleyo kubalulekile ukuze kuchongwe imvelaphi yentsholongwane kunye naluphi na utshintsho lwe-genetic.
Uvavanyo lweMacro kunye nolweMicro: Inkxaso yoBugcisa yoMpendulo wokuQhambuka kweHantavirus
Uvavanyo lweMacro kunye neMicro lubonelela nge"uvavanyo olupheleleyo - ukuthayipha - ulandelelwano kunye nokulandelela"isisombululo se-hantavirus.
Uthotho lokufumanisa i-Nucleic acid:Iikiti ze-PCR zexesha langempela ezinobuthathaka obufikelela kwiikopi ezingama-500/mL, ezibonelela ngovavanyo lweHanta Virus oluqhelekileyo. Ziyahambelana ne-ABI 7500, iBio Rad CFX, kunye nezinye izixhobo eziphambili.
Ukulandelelana kwe-genome epheleleyo kunye nokulandelela:Izixhobo zokuphucula ukufunxwa kweprobe (iinguqulelo ze-Illumina kunye ne-MGI, kuquka nenguqulelo yokulungiselela ilayibrari ezenzekelayo) zibamba ngokufanelekileyo i-genome epheleleyo ye-hantavirus. Le nkampani isebenzisana noososayensi baseTshayina ukuchaza ii-hantavirus ezintsha ezivela kwiimpuku kunye nee-shrews, zixhasa ukulandelwa kwentsholongwane, ukujonga utshintsho, kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwekhonkco lokudlulisela.
Ubhubhane we-MS Hondius kaMeyi 2026 sisiganeko esiphawulekayo kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona umngcipheko wempilo yoluntu uphela usezantsi ngokutsho kwe-WHO, amathuba okudluliselwa komntu komnye umntu kunye nemingeni yokulawula ubhubhane kwiindawo ezivaliweyo kufuneka ingqwalaselo esondeleyo. Ukususela kuvavanyo lwe-PCR olukhawulezileyo ukuya kulandelelwano lwe-genome epheleleyo, ubuchwepheshe bokuxilonga obuchanekileyo kunye nokulandelela kubalulekile. Uvavanyo lwe-Macro & Micro luhlala luzimisele ekuboneleleni ngezi zisombululo zezifo ezisulelayo kuquka iintsholongwane ze-zoonotic, ezinegalelo kukhuseleko lwempilo yoluntu lwehlabathi.
Iikhithi ezinxulumene noko
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-06-2026