Ukuchonga i-C. diff Transforming: Ukufezekisa i-Automated Fully, i-Sample-to-Answer Diagnostics

Yintoni ebangela usulelo lwe-C. Diff?

1. Usulelo lwe-Diff lubangelwa yibhaktheriya eyaziwa ngokuba yiClostridioides difficile (C. difficile), ehlala ingenabungozi emathunjini. Nangona kunjalo, xa ibhalansi yebhaktheriya yamathumbu iphazamisekile, kudla ngokusetyenziswa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane asebenzisa i-broad spectrum,C. nzimainokukhula kakhulu ize ivelise iityhefu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekusulelekeni.

Le ntsholongwane ikhona kuzo zombini iindlela ze-toxigenic kunye ne-non-toxigenic, kodwa ziintlobo ze-toxigenic kuphela (ii-toxigen A kunye ne-B) ezibangela izifo. Zibangela ukudumba ngokuphazamisa iiseli ze-epithelial zamathumbu. I-Toxin A ngokuyintloko yi-enterotoxin eyonakalisa ulwelo lwamathumbu, inyuse ukungena kwamanzi, kwaye itsale iiseli zomzimba ezikhupha ii-cytokines ezivuthayo. I-Toxin B, i-cytotoxin enamandla ngakumbi, ijolise kwi-actin cytoskeleton yeeseli, nto leyo ekhokelela ekujikelezeni kweeseli, ekuqhekekeni kwazo, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukufa kweeseli. Xa zidibene, ezi tyhefu zibangela umonakalo kwizicubu kunye nempendulo enamandla yomzimba, ebonakala njenge-colitis, urhudo, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, i-pseudomembranous colitis—ukudumba okukhulu kwekholoni.

Isasazeka njani i-C. Diff?

1. Ukwahluka kusasazeka lula. Kukho ezibhedlele, ezifumaneka rhoqo kwii-ICU, ezandleni zabasebenzi besibhedlele, kumgangatho wesibhedlele nakwiindawo zokubambelela, kwii-thermometers ze-elektroniki, nakwezinye izixhobo zonyango…

Izinto Ezibangela Umngcipheko Wosulelo lwe-C. Diff

• Ukulaliswa esibhedlele ixesha elide;
• Unyango lwe-antimicrobial;
• Iiarhente zonyango lwe-chemotherapy;
• Utyando lwakutshanje (imikhono yesisu,ukudlula esiswini, utyando lwamathumbu amakhulu);
• Isondlo sesisu esingaphakathi;
• Usulelo lwe-C. diff lwangaphambili;

Iimpawu zosulelo lwe-C. Diff

Usulelo lwe-C. diff lunokuba lungathandeki kakhulu. Uninzi lwabantu luhlala lunesifo sorhudo kunye nokungonwabi esiswini. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:urhudo, iintlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu, ukungabi namdla wokutya, umkhuhlane.

Njengoko usulelo lwe-C. diff lusiba mandundu, kuya kubakho uphuhliso lohlobo oluntsonkothileyo lwe-C. diff olwaziwa ngokuba yii-colitis, i-pseudomembrane enteritis kunye nokufa.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-C. Diff

Inkcubeko yeBhaktheriya: Ibuhlungu kodwakuthatha ixesha (iintsuku ezi-2-5), ayikwazi ukwahlulaiintlobo ze-toxigenic kunye ne-non-toxigenic;

Inkcubeko yeTyhefu:ichonga iintlobo zetyhefu ezibangela izifo kodwa ezithatha ixesha elide (iintsuku ezi-3-5) kwaye azinabungozi kangako;

Ukufunyanwa kwe-GDH:ikhawuleza (iiyure ezili-1-2) kwaye ingabizi kakhulu, inobuthathaka kakhulu kodwa ayikwazi ukwahlula iintlobo ze-toxigenic kunye ne-non-toxigenic;

Uvavanyo lwe-Cell Cytotoxicity Neutralization Assay (CCNA):ibona ityhefu A kunye ne-B ngobuthathaka obuphezulu kodwa ithatha ixesha (iintsuku ezi-2-3), kwaye ifuna izibonelelo ezikhethekileyo kunye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo;

Ityhefu A/B ELISA: Uvavanyo olulula nolukhawulezayo (iiyure ezi-1-2) olunovakalelo oluphantsi kunye neziphumo ezingezizo ezilungileyo rhoqo;

Uvavanyo lweNucleic Acid Amplification (ii-NAAT): Iyakhawuleza (1-3hrs) kwaye inovakalelo kakhulu kwaye icacile, ifumanisa iijini ezibangela ukuveliswa kwetyhefu;

Ukongeza, iimvavanyo zokujonga amathumbu, ezifanaIiskeni ze-CTkwayeIi-X-reyi, ingasetyenziswa ukunceda ekuxilongweni kwe-C. diff kunye neengxaki ze-C. diff, ezifana ne-colitis.

Unyango losulelo lwe-C. Diff

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango ezifumanekayo zosulelo lwe-C. diff. Nazi ezinye iindlela ezilungileyo:

• Ii-antibiotics ezithathwa ngomlomo ezifana ne-vancomycin, i-metronidazole okanye i-fidaxomicin zisetyenziswa kakhulu njengoko iyeza linokudlula kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya lize lifikelele kumathumbu amakhulu apho kuhlala khona iintsholongwane ze-C. diff.
• I-metronidazole efakwa emithanjeni ingasetyenziselwa unyango ukuba usulelo lwe-C. diff lunzima.
• Ukufakelwa kwe-microbiota yendle kubonakalise ukusebenza kakuhle ekunyangeni usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-C. diff kunye nosulelo olunzima lwe-C. diff olungaphenduliyo kwii-antibiotics.
• Utyando lunokufuneka kwiimeko ezinzima.

U-d onobuchuleisisombululo se-agnostic esivela kwi-MMT

Ukuphendula kwimfuneko yokufumanisa ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo i-C. difficile, sazisa i-Nucleic Acid Detection Kit yethu entsha ye-Clostridium difficile toxin A/B gene, sixhobisa iingcali zezempilo ukuba zenze uxilongo kwangethuba nangokuchanekileyo kunye nokuxhasa ukulwa nosulelo olufunyenwe esibhedlele.

• Uvakalelo oluphezulu: Ifumanisa ukuba isezantsi njenge200 CFU/mL,;
• Ukujolisa ngokuchanekileyo: Ichaza ngokuchanekileyo C. nzimai-toxin A/B gene, ukunciphisa iziphumo ezingezizo ezilungileyo;
• Ukufunyanwa kwePathogen ngokuthe ngqo: Isebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-nucleic acid ukuchonga ngokuthe ngqo ii-toxin genes, imisela umgangatho obalaseleyo wokuxilongwa.
• Ihambelana ngokupheleleyo neizixhobo ze-PCR eziphambili ezijongana neelabhoratri ezininzi;

Isisombululo seSampuli yokuPhendula sivuliweUvavanyo lweMacro kunye nolweMicro'sI-AIO800Ilebhu yePCR yeselula

Ukuziqhelanisa ngokweSampuli ukuya kwiMpendulo – Layisha iityhubhu zesampulu zokuqala (1.5–12 mL) ngokuthe ngqo, ukuphelisa ukutsalwa kwepayipi ngesandla. Ukukhupha, ukwandisa, kunye nokubhaqwa kuzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo, kunciphisa ixesha lokusebenza kunye neempazamo zomntu.

• Ukhuseleko lokungcoliswa kweeLayers ezili-11 – Ukuhamba komoya kwicala, uxinzelelo olubi, ukuhluzwa kwe-HEPA, ukubulala iintsholongwane kwi-UV, ukusabela okuvaliweyo, kunye nezinye iindlela zokukhusela ezidibeneyo zikhusela abasebenzi kwaye ziqinisekisa iziphumo ezithembekileyo ngexesha lovavanyo oluphezulu.

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