Ukusasazeka kwe-H5 avian influenza ebangela izifo ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela kuyaqhubeka nokukhula. Kuyo yonke iYurophu, ukuqhambuka kwezifo kuye kwanda, apho iJamani yodwa ibulale phantse isigidi seentaka. E-United States, izigidi ezibini zeenkukhu ezizala amaqanda zitshatyalalisiwe ngenxa yosulelo, kwaye i-H5N1 ngoku ifunyenwe kwimihlambi yobisi kumazwe amaninzi. ICambodia ikwabike amatyala amaninzi e-H5N1 ebantwini, kuquka nokufa kwabathandathu.
Umngcipheko okhulayo wokosulela iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo ugxininisa ingozi engxamisekileyo kwimpilo yabantu. Nokuba kukuhlolwa kwezonyango ezibhedlele, ukujongwa kwezifo ngabasemagunyeni bezempilo, okanye ukuhlolwa kwempilo kulawulo lwemida,Uvavanyo lomkhuhlane olukhawulezileyo noluchanekileyo lubaluleke kakhulu “kumgca wokuqala wokuzikhusela”kwimizamo yokuthintela nokulawula yehlabathi.
Uvavanyo lweMacro kunye nolweMicro— Ukufunyanwa kweeMolekyuli eziPhambili zoLawulo loMkhuhlane
I-Macro kunye ne-Micro-Test zibonelela ngepotifoliyo epheleleyo yeIikiti zokufumanisa i-PCR ezikhanyayokwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeentsholongwane zomkhuhlane — kuquka i-H1N1, i-H3, i-H5, i-H7, i-H9, kunye ne-H10.
Ezi zixhobo zisebenza kakuhle zivumela ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye nokuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo kweentlobo ezincinci, zinceda amaziko ezonyango kunye neelabhoratri ukuba zithathe amanyathelo okuthintela ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Izicelo Ezininzi Zokuhlangabezana Neemfuno Zovavanyo Ezahlukeneyo
Ukuchonga Uhlobo Oluthile — Ukujolisa kwiintlobo Ezinomngcipheko Omkhulu
-Ikhithi yokuFumanisa uhlobo lwe-H5 Subtype: Ifumanisa iintlobo ze-H5 ezibangela izifo ezininzi ezifana ne-H5N1 ezinokosulela abantu. Ilungele ukuvavanywa ngokukhawuleza kwamatyala akrokrelwayo kwiindawo zonyango.
-Ikhithi yokuFumanisa uhlobo lwe-H9 Subtype: Ijolise kwiintsholongwane ze-H9 ezibangela izifo ezincinci ezifumaneka ebantwini ngamaxesha athile. Ifanelekile ukujonga impilo yabemi abasengozini enkulu (umz., abasebenzi beenkukhu, abahambi), inceda ekuthinteleni ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane buthule.
-Ikhithi yokuFumanisa uhlobo lwe-H3/H10: Yenzelwe ukubona iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zexesha lonyaka (H3) kunye neentlobo ezingaqhelekanga zexeshana (H10), ivala izikhewu ezibalulekileyo ekufumaneni umkhuhlane.
Ukufunyanwa kweMultiplex — Uvavanyo olupheleleyo kuvavanyo olunye
-Ikhithi yokuFumanisa kathathu ye-H5/H7/H9: Ifumanisa iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ezinobungozi obukhulu kwimpendulo enye. Ifanelekile ekuhlolweni okukhulu ngexesha lexesha lomkhuhlane ophakamileyo okanye kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi.
-Isixhobo sokubona i-Six-Plex: I-H1N1, i-H3, i-H5, i-H7, i-H9, kunye ne-H10 zichongwa ngaxeshanye — olu khetho lufanelekileyo kwizibhedlele nakwiilabhoratri ze-CDC eziphatha iisampulu ezinzima (umz., izigulana ezinemikhuhlane engachazwanga), ukunciphisa amathuba osulelo olungaphoswanga.
Ukusebenza Okuqinisekisiweyo — Kuchanekile, Kunobuntununtunu, Kwaye Kuthembekile
-Ukuchaneka Okuphezulu:Itekhnoloji ye-PCR-fluorescent probe ijolise kwimimandla ye-viral gene egciniweyo. Izinga lokuthobela ireferensi elungileyo/elibi lifikelela kwi-100%, ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezithembekileyo ngaphandle kweziphumo ezilungileyo okanye ezimbi ezingezizo.
-Uvakalelo oluphezulu:Ifumanisa ukuba isezantsi njengeIikopi ezingama-500/mL, okuvumela ukuchongwa kwangethuba kwenani leentsholongwane eziphantsi kunye nokubonelela ngexesha elibalulekileyo lokungenelela.
-Ukuhambelana Okubanzi:Isebenza kakuhle neenkqubo zePCR zexesha langempela (i-ABI, iHongshi, iBio-Rad, njl.njl.) — iplagi kwaye idlale ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezongezelelweyo ezifunekayo.
-Ulawulo Lomgangatho Oluqinileyo:Ulawulo lwangaphakathi olwakhelwe ngaphakathi lujonga yonke inkqubo yovavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka nokuthembeka kweziphumo.
Ngubani Ofanele Ayisebenzise?
Amaziko Ezonyango (iiKlinikhi zoMkhuhlane, amaSebe eZifo eziSulelayo):Ukuhlolwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuxilongwa kwezifo ezifana nomkhuhlane, ingakumbi iimeko ezinokubakho ze-H5N1.
Amaziko oLawulo lweZifo (CDC):Ukujonga umkhuhlane, ukulandelela ukuqhambuka, kunye nokubeka esweni abantu abasondeleyo — ukubonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo yokwenza izigqibo ngempilo yoluntu.
Imithetho kunye nokuvalelwa eMida:Ukuhlolwa ngokukhawuleza kweesampulu zeswab zabahambi abangenayo ukuthintela ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane ewela imida.
Amaziko ezeMpilo oLuntu:Ukuhlolwa kweqela ngexesha lokuqhambuka komkhuhlane kunye nokubeka iliso kwimpilo yabasebenzi abaphambili okanye abasengozini enkulu (umz., abasebenzi bezempilo, abasebenzi basezibukweni).
Ulwazi lweMveliso
Uvavanyo lweMacro kunye nolweMicro— Uvavanyo Oluchanekileyo lwekamva elikhuselekileyo.
Ukunika amandla imizamo yehlabathi ekufumaneni kwangethuba, ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokulawula ngempumelelo umkhuhlane.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-13-2025