Yintoni dingeifivakunye neDENVvirus?
Umkhuhlane weDengue ubangelwa yintsholongwane yedengue (DENV), esasazwa ebantwini ngokulunywa ziingcongconi zabasetyhini, ngakumbi i-Aedes aegypti kunye ne-Aedes albopictus.
Kukho iiserotypes ezine ezihlukeneyo zentsholongwane (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, kunye neDENV-4). Ukosuleleka nge-serotype enye kunika ukhuseleko lobomi bonke kuloo serotype kodwa hayi kwabanye.
I-Dengue isasazwa kakhulu ngokulunywa ziingcongconi. Imiba ephambili yokudluliselwa kwayo ibandakanya:
IVector:IAedes yaseYiputaingcongconi ikhula kakuhle kwiindawo zasezidolophini kwaye izalela kumanzi amileyo.Aedes albopictusinokosulela intsholongwane kodwa ayixhaphakanga kangako.
Usasazo olusuka kuMntu luye kwiMosquito:Xa ingcongconi iluma umntu owosulelekileyo, le ntsholongwane ingena kwingcongconi kwaye inokudluliselwa komnye umntu emva kokufukamela kangangeentsuku ezi-8-12.
Kutheni sinomkhuhlane wedengue nakumazwe angengawo ashushu?
Ukutshintsha kweMozulu: Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu ehlabathi kwandisa indawo yokuhlalaIingcongconi zeAedes,awona magciwane aphambili kwidengue.
Uhambo lweHlabathi kunye noRhwebo: Uhambo olwandisiweyo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye norhwebo lunokukhokelela ekwazisweni kweengcongconi ezithwala idengue okanye abantu abosulelekileyo kwiindawo ezingezizo ezishushu.
Ukufudukela ezidolophini: Ukufudukela ezidolophini okukhawulezayo ngaphandle kolawulo lwamanzi olwaneleyo, ukudala iindawo ezizalela kuyo iingcongconi.
Ukuziqhelanisa neMosquito: Iingcongconi ze-Aedes, ngakumbiAedes yaseYiputakwayeAedesalbopictus, ziqhelana nemozulu enemozulu epholileyo yeendawo ezifana neenxalenye zaseYurophu nakuMntla Merika.
Ezi zinto zinegalelo ngokudibeneyo ekukhuleni kobukho bedengue kwimimandla engeyiyo eyetropiki.
Indlela yokuxilonga kunye nokunyanga umkhuhlane we-dengue?
Uxilongo lwezonyango lwedengue lunokuba luqilima ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezingangqalanga, ezinokuxelisa ezinye izigulo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane.
Iimpawu:Iimpawu zokuqala zidla ngokuvela kwiintsuku ezi-4-10 emva kosulelo olubandakanya umkhuhlane ophezulu, iintloko ezibuhlungu, iintlungu ze-retro-orbital, iintlungu zamalungu kunye nezihlunu, irhashalala, kunye nokopha kancinci. Kwiimeko ezimandundu, idengue inokukhula ibe yidengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) okanye idengue shock syndrome ( DSS ), esenokubeka ubomi esichengeni. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunceda ekulawuleni iimpawu phambi kokuba zibe mandundu.
Ukufunyanwamimithetho yedinge:
SUvavanyo lwe-erology:Khangela amajoni omzimba (IgM kunye ne-IgG) ngokuchasene ne-DENV, kunye ne-IgM ebonisa usulelo lwakutsha nje kunye ne-IgG ecebisa ukuba sesichengeni sangaphambili. Olu vavanyo luqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiiiklinikhikwayeiilebhu ezikumbindiukuqinisekisa usulelo lwangoku okanye lwangaphambili ngexesha lokubuyisela okanye kubantu abangabonakaliyo abanembali yokuvezwa.
Uvavanyo lwe-Antigen ye-NS1:Fumana iprotheyini engeyiyo yesakhiwo 1 (NS1) ngexesha lokuqala lokusuleleka, lisebenza njengesixhobo sokuxilonga kwangaphambili, esilungele ukubonwa ngokukhawuleza kwiintsuku zokuqala ze-1-5 zokuqala kweempawu. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa rhoqo kwiiindawo zokukhathalelanjengeiiklinikhi, ezibhedlele, kwayeamasebe kaxakekaukwenza izigqibo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuqaliswa konyango.
Uvavanyo lwe-NS1 + IgG/IgM:Khangela usulelo olusebenzayo noludlulileyo ngokuvavanya iiproteni zentsholongwane egazini kunye nezilwa-buhlungu ezisegazini, zizenze zibe luncedo ekwahluleni phakathi kosulelo lwamva nje kunye nokuvezwa kwangaphambili, okanye ukuchonga usulelo lwesibini. Ezi ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kwiezibhedlele, iiklinikhi, kwayeiilebhu ezikumbindikuphononongo olubanzi lokuxilonga.
Uvavanyo lweMolekyuli:Ukufumanisa i-RNA yentsholongwane egazini, eyona nto isebenzayo kwiveki yokuqala yokugula, kwaye isetyenziswe ekuqaleni kokusuleleka kuqinisekiso oluchanekileyo, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima. Olu vavanyo luqhutywa ikakhulu kwiiilebhu ezikumbindingesakhono sokuxilonga imolekyuli ngenxa yesidingo sezixhobo ezikhethekileyo.
Ukulandelelanisa:Ichonga imathiriyeli yemfuza ye-DENV ukufunda iimpawu zayo, ukwahluka, kunye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, okubalulekileyo kuphando lwe-epidemiological, uphando lokuqhambuka, kunye nokulandelela ukuguqulwa kwentsholongwane kunye neepatheni zosulelo. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa kwiiilabhoratri zophandokwayeiilebhu ezikhethekileyo zempilo yoluntukuhlalutyo olunzulu lwe-genomic kunye neenjongo zokucupha.
Okwangoku, alukho unyango oluthile lwe-antiviral lwedengue. Ulawulo lujolise kukhathalelo oluxhasayo olufana nokufakwa kwamanzi, ukuthomalalisa iintlungu kunye nokubeka iliso elisondeleyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuchongwa kwangaphambili kosulelo lwedengue kunokuthintela iziphumo ezibi.
IMacro kunye neMicro-Test ibonelela ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga ii-RDTs, i-RT-PCR kunye nolandelelwano lokubona i-dengue kunye nokujongwa kobhubhane:
I-Dengue Virus I/II/III/IV NucleicIkhithi yokubona iAcid- ulwelo / i-lyophilized;
Dengue NS1 Antigen, IgM/IgG AntibodyIkhithi yokuFumana kabini;
HWTS-FE029-Dengue NS1 Antigen Kit yokubona
Iindidi zeVirus yeDengue 1/2/3/4 Ikhithi yokuNtyebisa yeGenome yonke (Indlela yoKwandiswa kweMultiplex)
Iphepha eliyeleleneyo:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168170218300091?via%3Dihub
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-21-2024