Kutheni iDengue isasazeka kumazwe angengawo akwiindawo ezishushu kwaye yintoni esifanele siyazi ngeDengue?

Yintoni u-di-engueifivakunye ne-DENVvi-irus?

Umkhuhlane weDengue ubangelwa yintsholongwane yeDengue (iDENV), edluliselwa ebantwini ngokulunywa ziingcongconi ezibhinqileyo ezineentsholongwane, ngakumbi iAedes aegypti kunye neAedes albopictus.

Kukho ii-serotypes ezine ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane (i-DENV-1, i-DENV-2, i-DENV-3, kunye ne-DENV-4). Ukosuleleka yi-serotype enye kunika amandla okukhuseleka ubomi bonke kuloo serotype kodwa hayi kwezinye.

I-dengue isasazeka kakhulu ngokulunywa ziingcongconi. Izinto eziphambili zokusasazeka kwayo ziquka:

Ivektha:IAedes aegyptiIingcongconi zikhula kakuhle kwiindawo zasezidolophini kwaye zizalela emanzini angashukumiyo.I-Aedes albopictusinokudlulisela intsholongwane kodwa ayixhaphakanga kangako.

Ukudluliselwa koMbungu ukusuka ebantwini ukuya kwiMisquito:Xa ingcongconi iluma umntu osulelekileyo, intsholongwane ingena kwingcongconi kwaye inokudluliselwa komnye umntu emva kwexesha lokufukama elimalunga neentsuku ezisi-8-12.

Kutheni sinesifo se-dengue fever nakumazwe angengowasetropikhi?

Utshintsho lweMozulu: Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu ehlabathini kuyandisa indawo yokuhlala yezilwanyanaIingcongconi ze-Aedes,iivektha eziphambili zedengue.

Uhambo lweHlabathi kunye noRhwebo: Ukwanda kohambo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye norhwebo kunokukhokelela ekungenisweni kweengcongconi ezithwala i-dengue okanye abantu abanesi sifo kwiindawo ezingezizo ezomileyo.

Ukufudukela ezidolophini: Ukufudukela ezidolophini ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulawulwa kwamanzi okwaneleyo, okudala iindawo zokuzalela iingcongconi.

Ukuqhelana neMingxunya: Iingcongconi zaseAedes, ngakumbiAedes aegyptikwayeIiAedesi-albopictus, bayaqhelana nemozulu epholileyo kwiindawo ezifana neendawo zaseYurophu naseMntla Melika.

Ezi zinto zinegalelo xa zizonke ekwandeni kobukho be-dengue kwiindawo ezingezizo ezishushu.

Ungayixilonga kwaye uyinyange njani i-dengue fever?

Ukuchongwa kwesifo sedengue kungaba nzima ngenxa yeempawu zaso ezingaqhelekanga, ezinokufana nezinye izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane.

Iimpawu:Iimpawu zokuqala zihlala zibonakala emva kweentsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezili-10 emva kokosuleleka, kuquka umkhuhlane ophezulu, iintloko ezibuhlungu kakhulu, iintlungu ezibuyela umva, iintlungu zamalungu nezihlunu, ukurhawuzelela, kunye nokopha kancinci. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-dengue inokuqhubekela phambili ibe yi-dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) okanye i-dengue shock syndrome (DSS), enokuba yingozi ebomini. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunceda ekulawuleni iimpawu ngaphambi kokuba zibe mbi.

Ukufunyanwamiindlela zokuziphatha zedi-engue:

SUvavanyo lwe-erology:Fumana ii-antibodies (IgM kunye ne-IgG) kwi-DENV, apho i-IgM ibonisa usulelo lwakutshanje kwaye i-IgG ibonisa ukuba sele ukhe wadibana ne-deficiency yangaphambili. Ezi mvavanyo zihlala zisetyenziswa kwi-DENV.iiklinikikwayeiilabhoratri ezikwindawo enyeukuqinisekisa usulelo lwangoku okanye olwangaphambili ngexesha lokuchacha okanye kubantu abangenazo iimpawu abanembali yosulelo.

Uvavanyo lwe-NS1 Antigen:Fumana iproteni engeyiyo eyakhayo (NS1) ngexesha lesigaba sokuqala sosulelo, esebenza njengesixhobo sokuxilonga kwangethuba, esifanelekileyo ukubonwa ngokukhawuleza kwiintsuku ezi-1-5 zokuqala zeempawu. Olu vavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa kwiiindawo zokhathalelonjengeiikliniki, izibhedlelekunyeamasebe engxamisekoukuze kwenziwe izigqibo ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuqaliswe unyango.

Uvavanyo lwe-NS1 + IgG/IgM:Ukufumanisa usulelo olusebenzayo noludlulileyo ngokuvavanya iiproteni zentsholongwane kunye nee-antibodies egazini, ukuzenza zibe luncedo ekwahlukaniseni phakathi kosulelo lwakutshanje kunye nokubonakaliswa kwangaphambili, okanye ukuchonga usulelo lwesibini. Ezi zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiizibhedlele, iiklinikikunyeiilabhoratri ezikwindawo enyeukuze kuhlolwe ngokupheleleyo ukuxilongwa.

Uvavanyo lweeMolekyuli:Ukufumanisa i-RNA egazini, eyona nto isebenzayo kwiveki yokuqala yokugula, kwaye isetyenziswa ekuqaleni kosulelo ukuqinisekisa ngokuchanekileyo, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezibalulekileyo. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ikakhulu kwiiilabhoratri ezikwindawo enyengezakhono zokuxilonga iimolekyuli ngenxa yesidingo sezixhobo ezikhethekileyo.

Ulandelelwano:Uchonga izinto zemfuza ze-DENV ukuze afunde iimpawu zayo, umahluko, kunye nokuguquka kwayo, okubaluleke kakhulu kuphando lwe-epidemiological, uphando lokuqhambuka kwesifo, kunye nokulandelela utshintsho lwentsholongwane kunye neepatheni zokudluliselwa kwayo. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa kwiiilebhu zophandokwayeiilabhoratri zempilo yoluntu ezikhethekileyongeenjongo zohlalutyo olunzulu lwe-genomic kunye nokujonga.

Okwangoku, akukho nyango lukhethekileyo lwe-dengue olulwa neentsholongwane. Ulawulo lugxile ekunyamekeleni ngenkxaso efana nokufuma amanzi emzimbeni, ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokujonga ngokusondeleyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuchongwa kwangaphambili kosulelo lwe-dengue kunokuthintela iziphumo ezibi.

I-Macro & Micro-Test inikezela ngeekhithi ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga ze-RDTs, i-RT-PCR kunye ne-Sequencing zokufumanisa i-dengue kunye nokujonga ubhubhane:

Intsholongwane yeDengue I/II/III/IVIkhithi yokuFumanisa i-Acid- ulwelo/i-lyophilized;

I-Dengue NS1 Antigen, IgM/IgG AntibodyIsixhobo sokuFumanisa esiBini;

I-HWTS-FE029-Isixhobo sokuchongwa kwe-Dengue NS1 Antigen

Iintlobo zeentsholongwane zeDengue 1/2/3/4 Isixhobo sokuNyusa iiGenome ezipheleleyo (indlela yokukhulisa iMultiplex)

 

Iphepha elinxulumene nalo:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168170218300091?via%3Dihub