Ukususela ngoMeyi 2022, iimeko ze-mpox zibikwe kumazwe amaninzi angaxhaphakanga ehlabathini apho usulelo lusasazeka khona kuluntu.
Ngomhla wama-26 kweyeThupha, i-World Health Organisation (WHO) yaqalisa umkhankaso wehlabathiIsicwangciso soLungiselelo oluCwangcisiweyo kunye neSicwangciso sokuPhendulaukunqanda ukuqhambuka kokudluliselwa kwe-mpox ebantwini ngokusebenzisa imizamo edibeneyo yehlabathi, yengingqi, neyesizwe. Oku kulandela isibhengezo sengxamiseko yezempilo yoluntu yenkxalabo yehlabathi nguMlawuli-Jikelele we-WHO ngomhla we-14 kweyeThupha.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubhubhane we-mpox ngeli xesha wahlukile kowango-2022, owawusasazeka kakhulu phakathi kwamadoda alala namadoda, kwaye izinga lokufa kwabantu abosulelekileyo lalingaphantsi kwe-1%.
Uhlobo oluxhaphakileyo kutshanje lwe-“Clade Ib”, oluyinguqulelo ye-Clade I, lunezinga eliphezulu lokufa. Olu hlobo lutsha lwaqala ukusasazeka e-DRC ngoSeptemba ophelileyo, ekuqaleni phakathi kwabathengisi bemizimba, kwaye ngoku lusasazeke nakwamanye amaqela, apho abantwana besengozini enkulu.
I-Africa CDC ithe kwingxelo yayo kwinyanga ephelileyo ukuba ubhubhane lwe-mpox lufunyenwe kumazwe ali-10 ase-Afrika kulo nyaka, kuquka i-DRC, ebike ukuba yi-96.3% yazo zonke iimeko e-Afrika kulo nyaka kunye ne-97% yabantu ababhubhileyo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba phantse i-70% yamatyala e-DRC ngabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15 ubudala, kwaye eli qela libandakanya i-85% yabantu ababhubhileyo kweli lizwe.
I-Mpox yintsholongwane ye-zoonosis ebangelwa yintsholongwane ye-mpox enexesha lokufunxa elithatha iintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezingama-21, uninzi lwazo iintsuku ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-13. Umntu osulelekileyo uya kuba neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu kunye nokudumba kwe-lymph nodes, kulandele ukurhawuzelela ebusweni nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba, okuthi kancinci kancinci kube zii-pustules kwaye kuhlale malunga neveki ngaphambi kokuba kuqhawuke. Ityala liyosulela ukususela ekuqaleni kweempawu de kube ii-scabs ziwe ngokwendalo.
I-Macro & Micro-Test ibonelela ngovavanyo olukhawulezileyo, izixhobo zemolekyuli kunye nezisombululo zokulandelelana kokufunyanwa kwentsholongwane ye-mpox, inceda ekuchongweni kwentsholongwane ye-mpox ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukujonga imvelaphi yayo, umnombo wayo, ukudluliselwa kwayo kunye notshintsho lwe-genomic:
I-Antigen yeNtsholongwane yePoxIkhithi yokuFumanisa (I-Immunochromatography)
Kulula ukuthatha isampuli (isampulu yolwelo lwerhashalala/yomqala) kwaye isiphumo sikhawuleze kwimizuzu eli-10-15;
Uvakalelo oluphezulu kunye ne-LoD engama-20pg/mL egubungela iClade I kunye ne-II；
Ukuchaneka okuphezulu ngaphandle kokudibana kwentsholongwane ye-smallpox, intsholongwane ye-varicella zoster, intsholongwane ye-rubella, intsholongwane ye-herpes simplex, njl.
I-OPA ye-96.4% xa ithelekiswa ne-NAATs;
Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengeerhafu, ii-CDC, iikhemesti, iikliniki, izibhedlele okanye ekhaya.
Ikhithi yokuFumanisa i-Antibody yeMonkeypox-virus IgM/IgG(I-Immunochromatographhy)
Ukusebenza okulula ngaphandle kwezixhobo kunye nesiphumo esikhawulezayo kwimizuzu eli-10;
Uvakalelo oluphezulu kunye nokucaciswa okugubungela iClade I kunye ne-II；
Uchonga i-IgM kunye ne-IgG ukuze kugqitywe amanqanaba osulelo lwe-mpox;
Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengeerhafu, ii-CDC, iikhemesti, iikliniki, izibhedlele okanye ekhaya;
Ifanelekile ukuvavanywa ngobuninzi bosulelo olurhanelwayo lwe-mpox.
Isixhobo sokubona i-Monkeypox Virus Nucleic Acid (i-Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification)
Uvakalelo oluphezulu ngeLoD yeekopi ezingama-200/mL kunye ne-IC, olulingana ne-florescence PCR;
Ukusebenza okulula: Isampulu ye-lysed yongezwa kwityhubhu ye-reagent e-lyophilized ukuze ikhulise ngokuthe ngqo xa ifunwa yiimodyuli ezizimeleyo ze-Easy Amp System;
Ukuchaneka okuphezulu ngaphandle kokwenzeka kwe-cross reactivity kunye ne-smallpox virus, i-vaccinia virus, i-cowpox virus, i-mousepox virus, i-herpes simplex virus, i-varicella-zoster virus, kunye ne-human genome, njl.njl.;
Ukusampula okulula (i-rash fluid/i-oropharyngeal swab) kunye nesiphumo esikhawulezayo nesilungileyo kwimizuzu emi-5;
Ukusebenza kakuhle kweklinikhi okugubungela iClade I kunye ne-II ene-PPA ye-100%, i-NPA ye-100%, i-OPA ye-100% kunye nexabiso leKappa le-1.000 xa kuthelekiswa nekhithi yeFluorescence PCR;
Uhlobo olufakwe i-Lyophilized olufuna kuphela ukuthutha nokugcina ubushushu begumbi kwenza kube lula ukufikelela kuzo zonke iindawo;
Iimeko eziguquguqukayo kwiikliniki, kwiziko lezempilo, kunye ne-Easy Amp yokufunyaniswa xa kuyimfuneko;
Isixhobo sokuFumanisa iNyukleyi yeNyukleyi yeNyukleyi (iFluorescence PCR)
I-Dual gene ejoliswe kwi-sensitivity ephezulu kunye ne-LoD yeekopi ezingama-200/mL;
Ukuthathwa kwesampuli eguquguqukayo yolwelo lwerhashalala, i-throat swab kunye ne-serum;
Ukuchaneka okuphezulu ngaphandle kokwenzeka kwe-cross reactivity kunye ne-smallpox virus, i-vaccinia virus, i-cowpox virus, i-mousepox virus, i-herpes simplex virus, i-varicella-zoster virus, kunye ne-human genome, njl.njl.;
Ukusebenza okulula: i-lysis yesampulu ekhawulezileyo yi-release release reagent eza kongezwa kwityhubhu yokusabela;
Ukufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza: iziphumo zingadlulanga imizuzu engama-40;
Ukuchaneka kuqinisekiswa lulawulo lwangaphakathi olujongene nayo yonke inkqubo yokuchonga;
Ukusebenza kakuhle kweklinikhi okugubungela iClade I kunye ne-II nge-PPA ye-100%, i-NPA ye-99.40%, i-OPA ye-99.64% kunye nexabiso leKappa le-0.9923 xa kuthelekiswa nokulandelelana;
Uhlobo olufakwe i-Lyophilized olufuna kuphela ukuthutha nokugcina ubushushu begumbi kwenza kube lula ukufikelela kuzo zonke iindawo;
Iyahambelana neenkqubo zePCR zeFluorescence eziqhelekileyo;
Iimeko eziguquguqukayo kwizibhedlele, ii-CDC kunye neelabhoratri;
I-Orthopox Virus Universal Type/Monkeypox Virus Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR)
Ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo: kuvavanya zonke iintsholongwane ezine ze-orthopox ezinokosulela abantu kunye ne-mpox exhaphakileyo (kubandakanywa neClade I&II) kuvavanyo olunye ukuze kuthintelwe ukubhaqwa okungabonwanga;
Uvakalelo oluphezulu ngeLoD yeekopi ezingama-200/mL;
Ukuchaneka okuphezulu ngaphandle kokudibana nezinye izifo ezibangela ukurhawuzelela okufana ne-herpes simplex virus, i-varicella-zoster virus, kunye ne-human genome, njl.njl.;
Ukusebenza okulula: i-lysis yesampulu ekhawulezayo yi-release release release reagent eza kongezwa kwi-single tube reaction buffer;
Ukufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza: ukwandiswa ngokukhawuleza kunye nesiphumo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-40;
Ukuchaneka kuqinisekiswa lulawulo lwangaphakathi olujongene nayo yonke inkqubo yokuchonga;
Iyahambelana neenkqubo zePCR zeFluorescence eziqhelekileyo;
Iimeko eziguquguqukayo kwizibhedlele, ii-CDC kunye neelabhoratri;
I-MonkeypoxVi-irus Tu-ypingNi-ucleicAi-cidDukuthintelaKyona (Fi-luorescence PCR)
Ngaxeshanye ichonga iClade I kunye neClade II, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ekuqondeni iimpawu ze-epidemiological zentsholongwane, ukulandelela ukusasazeka kwayo, kunye nokwenza amanyathelo okuthintela nokulawula ajoliswe kuwo.
Uvakalelo oluphezulu ngeLoD yeekopi ezingama-200/mL;
Ukuthathwa kwesampuli eguquguqukayo yolwelo lwerhashalala, i-oropharyngeal swab kunye ne-serum;
Ukuchaneka okuphezulu ngaphandle kokwenzeka kwezinto phakathi kweClade I kunye ne-II, ezinye iintsholongwane ezibangela ukurhawuzelela okufana ne-herpes simplex virus, i-varicella-zoster virus, kunye ne-human genome, njl.njl.;
Ukusebenza okulula: i-lysis yesampulu ekhawulezayo yi-release release release reagent eza kongezwa kwi-single tube reaction buffer;
Ukufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza: iziphumo zingadlulanga imizuzu engama-40;
Ukuchaneka kuqinisekiswa lulawulo lwangaphakathi olujongene nayo yonke inkqubo yokuchonga;
Uhlobo olufakwe i-Lyophilized olufuna kuphela ukuthutha nokugcina ubushushu begumbi kwenza kube lula ukufikelela kuzo zonke iindawo;
Iyahambelana neenkqubo zePCR zeFluorescence eziqhelekileyo;
Iimeko eziguquguqukayo kwizibhedlele, ii-CDC kunye neelabhoratri;
I-Genome epheleleyo yeNtsholongwane yeNkawuUkufunyanwaIkhithi (Ii-Multi-PCR NGS)
I-Monkeypox Virus Whole Genome Detection Kit esandula ukuphuhliswa yi-Macro & Micro-Test kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, kunye ne-ONT nanopore sequencer, inokufumana ulandelelwano lwe-MPXV whole genome olunokugubungela ubuncinane i-98% kwiiyure ezi-8.
Kulula ukuyisebenzisa: iteknoloji yokukhulisa inyathelo elinye enelungelo lobunikazi, lonke ulandelelwano lwe-genome ye-mpox virus lunokufunyanwa ngokukhulisa i-one-round;
Ibuthathaka kwaye ichanekile: ibona iisampulu ezisezantsi ukuya kwi-32CT, kwaye ulandelelwano lwe-nanopore ye-amplicon ye-600bp lunokufikelela kwindibano ye-genome ekumgangatho ophezulu;
I-Ultra-fast: I-ONT ingagqiba ukuhlanganiswa kwe-genome kwiiyure ezi-6-8;
Ukuhambelana okubanzi: ne-ONT, i-Qi Carbon, i-SALUS Pro, i-lllumina, i-MGI kunye nezinye izixhobo eziphambili ze-2ndkunye ne-3rdabalandelelanisi bezizukulwana.
I-Ultra-sensitiveI-Genome epheleleyo yeVirus yeNkawuUkufunyanwaIkhithi-I-Illumina/MGI(Ii-Multi-PCR NGS)
Ngokuphathelele inani elikhulu le-2 ekhoyondii-sequencers zesizukulwana kwihlabathi liphela, iMacro kunye neMicro-Test zikwaphuhlise iikhithi ezinobuthathaka kakhulu ezizivumelanisa nee-sequencers eziqhelekileyo ukuze kufezekiswe ulandelelwano lwe-genome yegciwane oluphantsi koxinzelelo;
Ukukhulisa okusebenzayo: Iipayi eziyi-1448 ze-amplicon eyi-200bp uyilo lweprimer oluxineneyo kakhulu ukuze kusebenze kakuhle ukukhulisa okuphezulu kunye nokugubungela okufanayo;
Ukusebenza okulula: Ithala leencwadi le-Mpox virus llumina/MGI lingafumaneka ngokwandiswa kabini kwiiyure ezi-4, kuthintelwe amanyathelo okwakha ithala leencwadi anzima kunye neendleko ze-reagent;
Uvakalelo oluphezulu: ibona iisampulu ezisezantsi ukuya kwi-35CT, ithintela ngempumelelo iziphumo ezingezizo ezibangelwa kukuwohloka kweziqwenga okanye inani eliphantsi leekopi;
Ukuhambelana okubanzi ne-mainstream 2ndii-sequencers zesizukulwana ezifana ne-lllumina, i-Salus Pro okanye i-MGI;Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, zingaphezulu kwama-400 iimeko zonyango ezigqityiweyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-28-2024