Ngomhla we-18 kweyoKwindla, ngowama-2024 ngumhla wama-24 "Uthando lweSizwe ngeSibindi", kwaye umxholo wopapasho kulo nyaka uthi "ukuthintela kwangethuba kunye nokuhlolwa kwangethuba, kwaye uhlale kude ne-cirrhosis yesibindi".
Ngokwezibalo zeWorld Health Organisation (WHO), kukho abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi abafa ngenxa yezifo zesibindi kwihlabathi liphela minyaka le. Malunga nesinye kwishumi lezalamane nabahlobo bethu sinesifo esingapheliyo se-hepatitis B okanye C, kwaye isibindi esinamafutha sidla ngokuba siselula.
Usuku lweSizwe loThando lweSibindi lwamiselwa ukuze kuqokelelwe zonke iintlobo zamandla oluntu, kuhlanganiswe uluntu, kubhengezwe ngokubanzi ulwazi lwesayensi oludumileyo lokuthintela isifo sesibindi kunye nezifo zesibindi, kwaye kukhuselwe impilo yabantu phantsi kwemeko yokuba ukwanda kwezifo zesibindi ezifana ne-hepatitis B, i-hepatitis C kunye ne-hepatitis enxilisayo kuyanda minyaka le eTshayina.
Masisebenzisane, sisasaze ulwazi lokuthintela nokunyanga i-fibrosis yesibindi, senze uvavanyo olusebenzayo, senze unyango lube semgangathweni, kwaye silandele rhoqo ukunciphisa ukwenzeka kwe-cirrhosis yesibindi.
01 Yazi isibindi.
Indawo yesibindi: Isibindi sisibindi. Sikwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesisu kwaye sinomsebenzi obalulekileyo wokugcina ubomi. Sikwayeyona nxalenye inkulu yangaphakathi emzimbeni womntu.
Imisebenzi ephambili yesibindi yile: ukukhupha i-bile, ukugcina i-glycogen, nokulawula imetabolism yeproteni, amafutha kunye ne-carbohydrate. Ikwanayo nefuthe lokukhupha ubuthi emzimbeni, ukususwa kwe-hematopoiesis kunye nefuthe lokujiya.
02 Izifo zesibindi eziqhelekileyo.
1 isifo sesibindi esibangelwa butywala
Ukusela kuyasilimaza isibindi, kwaye ukwenzakala kwesibindi okubangelwa kukusela kuthiwa sisifo sesibindi esibangelwa butywala, nto leyo enokubangela ukwanda kwe-transaminase, kwaye ukusela ixesha elide kunokubangela i-cirrhosis.
2 Isibindi esinamafutha
Ngokubanzi, sibhekisa kwisibindi esinamafutha esingengotywala, esinamafutha amaninzi. Izilonda zezicubu zesibindi ezibangelwa kukuqokelelwa kwamafutha esibindini zihlala zihamba nokumelana ne-insulin, kwaye izigulane zinobunzima obukhulu kwaye ziphezulu kathathu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yokuphuculwa kweemeko zokuphila, inani lesibindi esinamafutha liyanda imihla ngemihla. Abantu abaninzi bafumanise ukuba i-transaminase iyanda xa kuhlolwa umzimba, kwaye bahlala bengayinaki loo nto. Uninzi lwabantu abangengoochwephesha baya kucinga ukuba isibindi esinamafutha asinto yanto. Enyanisweni, isibindi esinamafutha siyingozi kakhulu kwaye sinokukhokelela kwi-cirrhosis.
3 I-hepatitis ebangelwa ngamayeza
Ndikholelwa ukuba kukho iimveliso ezininzi zonyango ezineenkolelo ezinokuthiwa ziyasebenza "ekulungiseni umzimba", kwaye ndinomdla kakhulu kwi-aphrodisiac, iipilisi zokunciphisa umzimba, amayeza obuhle, amayeza emifuno aseTshayina, njl. Njengoko wonke umntu esazi, "amayeza anetyhefu ngeendlela ezintathu", kwaye isiphumo "sokulungisa umzimba" kukuba amayeza kunye ne-metabolites yawo emzimbeni anemiphumo emibi emzimbeni womntu kwaye enzakalise isibindi.
Ngoko ke, akufuneki uthathe amayeza ngokungacwangciswanga ngaphandle kokwazi i-pharmacology kunye neempawu zonyango, kwaye kufuneka ulandele icebiso likagqirha.
03 isenzo sokulimala kwesibindi.
1 Ukusela kakhulu
Isibindi sesona sitho silawula utywala. Ukusela utywala ixesha elide kunokubangela ukuba isibindi sibe namanqatha anxilisayo. Ukuba asiseli utywala ngokulinganisela, isibindi siya konakaliswa yinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni inani elikhulu leeseli zesibindi zife kwaye zibangele i-hepatitis engapheliyo. Ukuba iyaqhubeka nokukhula kakhulu, iya kubangela i-cirrhosis kunye nomhlaza wesibindi.
2 Hlala ulele ixesha elide
Emva kwentsimbi yama-23 ngokuhlwa, lixesha lokuba isibindi sizicoce size sizilungise. Ngeli xesha, andikalali, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela ukususwa kwesibindi rhoqo kunye nokulungiswa kwaso ebusuku. Ukuhlala ubuthongo kude kube sebusuku kunye nokusebenza ixesha elide kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukumelana komzimba kunye nomonakalo wesibindi.
3Tthatha amayeza ixesha elide
Uninzi lwamayeza kufuneka lusetyenziswe sisibindi, kwaye ukuthatha amayeza ngokungakhethiyo kuya kwandisa umthwalo kwisibindi kwaye kukhokelela ngokulula ekonakaleni kwesibindi okubangelwa ngamayeza.
Ukongeza, ukutya kakhulu, ukutshaya, ukutya iimvakalelo ezimbi (umsindo, ukudakumba, njl.njl.), kunye nokungachami ngexesha kusasa kuya konakalisa impilo yesibindi.
04 Iimpawu zesibindi esibi.
Umzimba wonke uya udinwa ngakumbi nangakumbi; Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokucaphuka; Umkhuhlane omncinci ongapheliyo, okanye ukungathandi ukubanda; Akukho lula ukugxininisa ingqalelo; Ukuncipha ngequbuliso kokusetyenziswa kotywala; Ubuso oburhabaxa kwaye ulahlekelwe bukukhanya; Ulusu lutyheli okanye luyarhawuzelela; Umchamo ujika ube nombala webhiya; Isibindi, i-spider nevus; Isiyezi; Ukutyheli emzimbeni wonke, ingakumbi i-sclera.
05 Indlela yokuthanda nokukhusela isibindi.
1. Ukutya okunempilo: Ukutya okunesondlo kufuneka kube nzima kwaye kube mnandi.
2. Ukuzilolonga rhoqo nokuphumla.
3. Musa ukuthatha amayeza ngokungakhethi cala: Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza kufuneka kwenziwe phantsi kwesikhokelo sikagqirha. Musa ukuthatha amayeza ngokungakhethi cala kwaye sebenzisa iimveliso zonyango ngononophelo.
4. Ukugonywa ukuze kuthintelwe isifo sesibindi: Ukugonywa yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthintela i-hepatitis ebangelwa yintsholongwane.
5. Uvavanyo lomzimba rhoqo: Kucetyiswa ukuba abantu abadala abasempilweni bahlolwe umzimba kube kanye ngonyaka (ukusebenza kwesibindi, i-hepatitis B, amafutha egazini, i-liver B-ultrasound, njl.njl.). Abantu abanesifo sesibindi esinganyangekiyo bayacetyiswa ukuba bahlolwe rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu - uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound yesibindi kunye novavanyo lwe-alpha-fetoprotein kwi-serum ukuze babone umhlaza wesibindi.
Isisombululo seHepatitis
I-Macro kunye ne-Micro-Test zibonelela ngezi mveliso zilandelayo:
Icandelo 1. Ukuchonga ubungakanani beI-HBV DNA
Ingavavanya inqanaba lokuphindaphindeka kwentsholongwane kubantu abane-HBV kwaye luphawu olubalulekileyo ekukhetheni izalathiso zonyango lwe-antiviral kunye nokugweba isiphumo sokunyanga. Kwinkqubo yonyango lwe-antiviral, ukufumana impendulo eqhubekayo ye-virological kunokulawula kakhulu inkqubela ye-cirrhosis yesibindi kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-HCC.
Icandelo 2Uhlalutyo lwe-HBV genotyping
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-genotypes ze-HBV zahlukile kwi-epidemiology, ukwahluka kwentsholongwane, ukubonakaliswa kwesifo kunye nempendulo yonyango, nto leyo echaphazela izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-HBeAg, ubukhali bezilonda zesibindi, ukwanda komhlaza wesibindi, njl.njl., kwaye ikwachaphazela noqikelelo lweklinikhi losulelo lwe-HBV kunye nefuthe lonyango lwamayeza okulwa neentsholongwane.
Iingenelo: Ityhubhu enye yesisombululo sokusabela ingafumanisa iintlobo B, C kunye no-D, kwaye umda omncinci wokufumanisa yi-100IU/mL.
Iingenelo: umxholo we-HBV DNA kwi-serum unokubonwa ngokwenani, kwaye umda omncinci wokufunyanwa yi-5IU/mL.
Icandelo 3 lokulinganisa ubungakananiI-HBV RNA
Ukufunyanwa kwe-HBV RNA kwi-serum kunokujonga ngcono inqanaba le-cccDNA kwi-hepatocytes, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kosulelo lwe-HBV, ukufunyanwa ngempumelelo konyango lwe-NAs kwizigulana ze-CHB kunye nokuqikelela ukuyeka iziyobisi.
Iingenelo: umxholo we-HBV RNA kwi-serum unokubonwa ngokwenani, kwaye umda omncinci wokufunyanwa yi-100Copies/mL.
Icandelo 4 Ukulinganiswa kwe-HCV RNA
Ukufunyanwa kwe-HCV RNA yeyona nto ithembekileyo ebonisa ukosuleleka kunye nokuphindaphinda kwentsholongwane, kwaye ikwayindlela ebalulekileyo yokubonisa imeko yokosuleleka yi-hepatitis C kunye nefuthe lonyango.
Iingenelo: umxholo we-HCV RNA kwi-serum okanye kwi-plasma unokubonwa ngokwenani, kwaye umda omncinci wokufunyanwa yi-25IU/mL.
Icandelo.5Uhlalutyo lwe-HCV
Ngenxa yeempawu ze-HCV-RNA virus polymerase, ii-genes zayo zitshintsha ngokulula, kwaye i-genotyping yayo inxulumene kakhulu nomlinganiselo womonakalo wesibindi kunye nefuthe lonyango.
Iingenelo: Ityhubhu e-1 yesisombululo sokusabela ingafumanisa iintlobo ze-1b, 2a, 3a, 3b kunye ne-6a ngokuchwetheza, kwaye umda omncinci wokufumanisa yi-200IU/mL.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-18-2024