Kutshanje,I-CDC yaseTshayina qho ngevekiipapashe inqaku elibalulekileyo lophando elichaza uphando lwe-epidemiological kunye ne-etiological lokuqhambuka kwe-acute gastroenteritis okubangelwe yi-Group C rotavirus (RVC) kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi eLuzhou, kwiPhondo laseSichuan, ngo-Okthobha ka-2025. Okuphawulekayo kukuba, i-Macro & Micro-Test's high-throughput targeted pathogen capture kit (probe-capture) kunye netekhnoloji yokulandelelanisa i-whole-genome idlale indima ebalulekileyo kuphando. Ngokuvumela ukuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwe-pathogen kunye nokuchazwa ngokupheleleyo kwe-genomic, itekhnoloji ibonelele ubungqina obubalulekileyo besayensi bokuqinisekiswa ngokukhawuleza kokuqhambuka, ukulandelwa ngokuchanekileyo kwemvelaphi, kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo lokuqhambuka.
Uqhambuko Lwequbuliso: Uqhambuko Lokuqala Lwe-RVC Olubikiweyo KuMzantsi-ntshona weTshayina
Ngomhla we-15 kweyeDwarha ngo-2025, ubhubhane we-gastroenteritis obukhali wenzeke kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi eLuzhou. Esi sikolo sasinabafundi kunye nabasebenzi abayi-1,943 iyonke, kunye namatyala angama-32 abikiweyo, kuquka amatyala ama-6 aqinisekisiweyo elebhu kunye namatyala angama-26 afunyaniswe ngokwezonyango, nto leyo ebangele izinga lokuhlaselwa lilonke le-1.65%. Ubhubhane ufikelele kwincopho phakathi komhla we-15 nowe-16 kweyeDwarha, apho iBanga lesi-7, iBanga lesi-5 lifumana izinga eliphezulu lokuhlaselwa (23.08%). Uninzi lwezigulane yayingabantwana abakwiminyaka yesikolo (ubudala obuphakathi: iminyaka eli-10), ababonakala ikakhulu ngokuhlanza (65.62%), urhudo (46.87%), kunye nentlungu yesisu (37.50%). Iimpawu zihlala zithatha iintsuku ezi-1-3, kwaye zonke izigulane zaphila ngaphandle kweengxaki ezinzima.
Uphando lwe-epidemiological lufumanise ukuba le meko yayiyinkwenkwe eneminyaka eli-11 ubudala ekwiBanga lesi-7, iBanga lesi-5. Udadewabo omncinci wayeneempawu ezifanayo ngaphambi kwakhe, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba usulelo lwasekhaya lulo oluqalayo. Ulawulo olungonelanga lokuhlanza ekhampasini—kuquka ukutshayela ngqo kunye nokulahla ngaphandle kokubulala iintsholongwane ngexesha elifanelekileyo okanye ukwahlula indawo—kunye nococeko lwezandla olungafanelekanga phakathi kwabafundi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwanceda usulelo olongezelelweyo. Uninzi lwamagumbi okufundela achaphazelekileyo lwaluphakathi komgangatho wesibini nowesihlanu kunye namagumbi okuhlambela amadoda akufutshane, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba zombini i-aerosol kunye nosulelo loqhagamshelwano zisenokuba negalelo ekusasazekeni.
Uphando lube nzima kakhulu kuba ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwezifo, kuquka uvavanyo lwe-norovirus kunye ne-Group A rotavirus, kuvelise iziphumo ezingezizo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba i-pathogen engaqhelekanga yiyo ebangela oku.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Etiological: Ukulandelelana kwe-Genome epheleleyo ye-Macro kunye ne-Micro-Test kuchonga i-Club
Uvavanyo lokuqala lwe-norovirus belungekho. I-CDC yaseLuzhou emva koko yasebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-PCR lwe-multiplex gastrointestinal pathogen real-time olukwaziyo ukubona ngaxeshanye iintsholongwane ezingama-28, kuquka iintsholongwane ezisi-8, iintsholongwane ezili-17, kunye neentsholongwane ezi-3, ukuze kuhlolwe iisampuli ezisibhozo zeklinikhi. Ngomhla we-17 ka-Okthobha, iisampuli ezintandathu zavavanywa zaza zafunyanwa zine-rotavirus yeQela C, zaza zachonga ngempumelelo intsholongwane ebangela le ntsholongwane.
Ukuze balandelele ngakumbi umthombo wokuqhambuka, abaphandi benze zombini i-nanopore metagenomic sequencing kunye ne-Macro & Micro-Test's probe-catch whole-genome enrichment sequencing kwiisampuli ezintlanu ezintle. Le ndlela iphumelele ukuvelisa i-RVC genome sequences ezintlanu ezipheleleyo (SC01–SC05). Icebo elidibeneyo lokuhlola i-PCR ngokukhawuleza elandelwa yi-high-resolution whole-genome sequencing linike inkxaso yobugcisa eqinileyo kwi-epidemiology echanekileyo ye-molecular kunye nokulandelela umthombo.
Ulwazi Lwezesayensi: Ukuchongwa Kokuqala Kwe-M2 Genotype Kumazantsi-ntshona eTshayina
Ngokusekelwe kwidatha ye-whole-genome esemgangathweni ophezulu eyenziwe kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe beMacro kunye neMicro-Test, iqela lophando libike iziphumo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zesayensi:
Ukuqinisekiswa kobhubhane lwe-monoclonal:Zonke ezi ntsholongwane zintlanu zabelana nge-genotype efanayo ye-whole-genome (G4-P[2]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2), kunye nomahluko we-nucleotide single polymorphism (SNP) ongu-0–1 kuphela, nto leyo ebonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ubhubhane luvela kwikhonkco elinye lokudlulisela.
Ukufunyanwa kwe-genotype ye-M2:Uhlalutyo lwe-phylogenetic lubonise ukuba iintlobo ze-Luzhou RVC bezizezohlobo lwe-M2 genotype kunokuba zibe zezohlobo lwe-M3 ezazithathwa njengeziphambili kwiintlobo ze-RVC zaseTshayina. Olu phando lubangela umngeni ekuqondweni okuqhelekileyo kokusasazwa kwe-RVC genotype eTshayina kwaye luqinisekisa ukuvela kwe-M2 genotype kumzantsi-ntshona weTshayina.
Ubungqina bonxibelelwano lothumelo lwamazwe ngamazwe:Uthelekiso lwe-whole-genome lubonise ukufana okuphezulu kwe-genetic phakathi kwe-Luzhou strains kunye ne-RVC strains ezixelwe ngaphambili eYunnan (2025), eNovosibirsk, eRashiya (2017), nase-Itali (2012), nto leyo ebonisa ukuba kukho inethiwekhi yokusasaza i-Eurasia esebenzayo.
Iziphumo zoThintelo noLawulo: Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye nokungenelela ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile
Emva kokuchongwa kwesifo esibangela iintsholongwane, iLuzhou CDC ngoko nangoko yaqalisa amanyathelo olawulo apheleleyo, kuquka ukwahlulwa kwamacala, ukubulala iintsholongwane kwindawo esingqongileyo, ulawulo oluqhelekileyo lokuhlanza, kunye nokumiswa kweklasi okwethutyana. Ubhubhane wathintelwa ngempumelelo kwixesha elinye lokufunxa, kungekho matyala ongezelelweyo axeliweyo emva komhla wama-21 ku-Okthobha.
Olu phando lukwabonelela ngesifundo esibalulekileyo kwimpilo yoluntu: kwizifo zesisu ezidibeneyo ezivavanywa zingenayo i-rotavirus yeQela A kunye ne-norovirus, i-rotavirus yeQela C kunye nezinye ii-rotavirus ezingezizo zeQela A kufuneka zifakwe kuvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lokuxilongwa.
Olu phononongo lubonisa ubhubhane lokuqala lwe-rotavirus yeQela C olubikiweyo kumzantsi-ntshona weTshayina kunye nokuchonga kokuqala kwe-genotype ye-M2 kulo mmandla, kwandisa ukuqonda kwangoku kwe-RVC epidemiology eMpuma Asia. Kolu phando, isisombululo esidibeneyo seMacro & Micro-Test esidibanisa uvavanyo lwe-multiplex PCR kunye nokulandelelana kwe-genome epheleleyo kubonise ixabiso elibalulekileyo elisebenzayo ngokuvumela ukuchongwa kwe-pathogen ngokukhawuleza kunye nokulandelela umthombo weemolekyuli onesisombululo esiphezulu, ukubonelela ngesakhelo sobugcisa esiphindaphindwayo sophando oluchanekileyo kunye nolawulo lokuqhambuka kwezifo ezisulelayo kwixesha elizayo.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-30-2026