Umhla we-18 ka-Okthobha "nguSuku loThintelo loMhlaza weBele" minyaka le.
Ikwaziwa ngokuba yi-Pink Ribbon Care Day.
01 Yazi umhlaza webele
Umhlaza webele sisifo apho iiseli ze-epithelial ze-breast ductal zilahlekelwa ziimpawu zazo eziqhelekileyo kwaye zanda ngokungaqhelekanga phantsi kwesenzo sezinto ezahlukeneyo ezibangela umhlaza ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kangangokuba zidlula umda wokuzilungisa kwaye zibe ngumhlaza.
02 Imeko yangoku yomhlaza webele
Ukwanda komhlaza webele kubangela i-7-10% yazo zonke iintlobo zeethumba ezinobungozi emzimbeni wonke, zibekwe kwindawo yokuqala phakathi kweethumba ezinobungozi zabasetyhini.
Iimpawu zobudala zomhlaza webele eTshayina;
* Inqanaba eliphantsi xa uneminyaka eyi-0 ~ 24.
* Ukunyuka kancinci kancinci emva kweminyaka engama-25 ubudala.
Iqela elineminyaka engama-50-54 ubudala lifikelele kwincopho.
* Iyancipha kancinci kancinci emva kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala.
03 Imvelaphi yomhlaza webele
Unobangela womhlaza webele awukaqondwa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye abafazi abanobungozi obukhulu bomhlaza webele basengozini yokuba nomhlaza webele.
Izinto ezinobungozi:
* Imbali yosapho yomhlaza webele
* Ukuya exesheni kwangethuba (< iminyaka eli-12 ubudala) kunye nokuya exesheni kade (> iminyaka engama-55 ubudala)
* Abangatshatanga, abangenabantwana, abazala emva kwexesha, abangancancisi.
* Ukubandezeleka zizifo zamabele ngaphandle kokuxilongwa nonyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukubandezeleka yi-hyperplasia engaqhelekanga yamabele.
* Ukuvezwa esifubeni kumthamo omkhulu wemitha.
* Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwe-estrogen yangaphandle
* ukuthwala iijini ezinokubangela umhlaza webele
* Ukutyeba kakhulu emva kokuya exesheni
* Ukusela utywala ixesha elide, njl.
04 Iimpawu zomhlaza webele
Umhlaza wamabele oqalayo udla ngokungabi nazimpawu okanye iimpawu ezicacileyo, nto leyo engelula ukutsala ingqalelo yabasetyhini, kwaye kulula ukulibazisa ithuba lokuxilongwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza webele zezi zilandelayo:
* Iqhuma elingenabuhlungu, uphawu oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wamabele, ikakhulu lilodwa, liqinile, linemiphetho engacwangciswanga kunye nomphezulu ongagudiyo.
* ukukhupha igazi kwingono, ukuphuma kwegazi komngxuma omnye ecaleni kwelinye icala kudla ngokuhamba neengqokelela zamabele.
* Utshintsho lolusu, uphawu oluneziqwenga zokudakumba kolusu lwendawo "luphawu lokuqala, kwaye ukubonakala kwe" peel yeorenji" kunye nezinye iinguqulelo luphawu olusemva kwexesha.
* Utshintsho kwi-nipple areola. Utshintsho olubangelwa yi-eczematous kwi-areola luphawu "lomhlaza webele ofana ne-eczema", oluhlala luphawu lokuqala, ngelixa ukudakumba kwi-nipple luphawu lwesigaba esiphakathi nesokugqibela.
* Ezinye, ezifana nokwandiswa kwe-lymph node ye-axillary.
Uvavanyo lomhlaza webele lwe-05
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo komhlaza webele yeyona ndlela iphambili yokufumanisa umhlaza webele ongenazimpawu kwangethuba.
Ngokwezikhokelo zokuhlolwa, ukuxilongwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango lwangethuba lomhlaza webele:
* Ukuzihlola amabele: kanye ngenyanga emva kweminyaka engama-20 ubudala.
* Uvavanyo lomzimba lweklinikhi: kube kanye emva kweminyaka emithathu kubantu abaneminyaka engama-20-29 ubudala, kube kanye ngonyaka emva kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala.
* Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound: kanye ngonyaka emva kweminyaka engama-35, kwaye kanye emva kweminyaka emibini emva kweminyaka engama-40.
*Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray: ii-mammogram ezisisiseko zithathwe xa uneminyaka engama-35 ubudala, kwaye ii-mammogram zithathwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini kubantu ngokubanzi; Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 ubudala, kufuneka wenze i-mammogram rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-1-2, kwaye ungenza i-mammogram rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2-3 emva kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.
06 Ukuthintela umhlaza webele
* Misela indlela yokuphila elungileyo: phuhlisa imikhwa emihle yokutya, nikela ingqalelo kwisondlo esifanelekileyo, qhubeka nokwenza umthambo, phepha kwaye unciphise izinto ezibangela uxinzelelo lwengqondo nolwengqondo, kwaye uhlale unesimo sengqondo esihle;
* Nyanga ngenkuthalo i-hyperplasia engaqhelekanga kunye nezinye izifo zebele;
* Musa ukusebenzisa i-estrogen yangaphandle ngaphandle kwemvume;
* Musa ukusela kakhulu ixesha elide;
* Ukukhuthaza ukuncancisa, njl.njl.
Isisombululo somhlaza webele
Ngenxa yoku, ikhithi yokufumanisa i-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) eyenziwe yiHongwei TES inika izisombululo zokuxilonga, ukujonga unyango kunye nokuqikelela umhlaza webele:
Isixhobo sovavanyo lwe-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (i-fluorescence immunochromatography)
Njengophawu lwe-tumor olune-spectrum ebanzi, i-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ibaluleke kakhulu kwiklinikhi ekuxilongweni okwahlukileyo, ekubekweni esweni kwesifo kunye nokuvavanywa kwempembelelo yokunyanga ii-tumor ezinobungozi.
Ukuchonga i-CEA kungasetyenziselwa ukujonga isiphumo sokunyanga, ukugweba i-prognosis kunye nokujonga ukuphinda kwe-tumor enobungozi emva kotyando, kwaye inokwandiswa nakwi-benign breast adenoma kunye nezinye izifo.
Uhlobo lwesampulu: iisampulu ze-serum, i-plasma kunye negazi elipheleleyo.
I-LoD: ≤2ng/mL
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-23-2023