Kutheni Igazi Lemilingo Yasendle Libalulekile

Umhlaza we-Coloral cancer ngomnye wemiba ephambili yokugula nokufa okunxulumene nomhlaza kwihlabathi liphela. Uninzi lomhlaza we-Coloral cancer lukhula kancinci kancinci luvela kwii-polyps ezingaphambi komhlaza kwiminyaka eliqela, nto leyo edala ithuba elibalulekileyo lokufunyaniswa nokungenelela kwangethuba.

Esinye sezibonakaliso zokuqala zesilumkiso kukubaigazi elingcolileyo (FOB)—igazi elincinci elikwindle elingabonakaliyo emehlweni. Ukopha okungaqhelekanga kunokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo zesisu, kuquka:

• · Ii-adenomas zeColorectal kunye nee-polyps
• · Umhlaza we-Coloral
• · Izilonda zesisu kunye ne-duodenal
• · Isifo samathumbu esidumbayo
• · Ezinye izilonda zesisu

Ngenxa yokuba izigulane ezininzi zihlala zingenazo iimpawu ekuqaleni, ukufumanisa igazi elingaqhelekanga kuye kwaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuhlolwa komhlaza we-colon osekelwe kubemi.

Umthwalo Wehlabathi Lonke Womhlaza WeColorectal

Ngokutsho kweI-Arhente yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoPhando ngoMhlaza (IARC) i-GLOBOCAN 2022), umhlaza we-colon uphakathi kwesithathu kwiintlobo zomhlaza ezifunyaniswa rhoqo kwihlabathi liphela kwaye usengowesibini obangela ukufa kwabantu abanomhlaza.

Iindaba ezikhuthazayo zezokuba umhlaza we-colorectal unokuthintelwa kakhulu kwaye unokunyangeka xa ufunyaniswa kwangethuba. Isifo esikwindawo ethile sinomlinganiselo wokusinda weminyaka emihlanu odlula i-90%, ngelixa isifo esiqhubekekayo sinxulunyaniswa neziphumo ezimbi kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo ke ngoko kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ukwanda kwe-CRC kunye nokufa.

I-FIT: Indlela Ekhethwayo Yokufumanisa Igazi Lemilingo Yendle

Ngokwembali, uvavanyo lwegazi olungaqhelekanga lwendle lwaluxhomekeke kwiindlela ezisekwe kwi-guaiac (gFOBT), ezichonga umsebenzi we-hemoglobin we-peroxidase. Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo lunokuchaphazeleka zizinto zokutya, amayeza athile, kunye ne-hemoglobin engeyiyo yomntu, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiziphumo ezingezizo ezilungileyo.

Namhlanje,Uvavanyo lwe-Fecal Immunochemical (FIT)iye yaba yindlela yokuvavanya ekhethwayo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zesizwe zokuhlola umhlaza we-colorectal.

Xa kuthelekiswa novavanyo lwekhemikhali lwendabuko, i-FIT ineenzuzo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:

• · Ukuchaneka okuphezulungokubona i-hemoglobin yomntu ene-antibody ye-monoclonal
• · Akukho miqathango yokutyangaphambi kovavanyo
• · Ukuphucula ukuthobela imithetho yezigulanengenxa yokuqokelelwa kwesampulu okulula
• · Uvakalelo olukhulu lokopha okuphantsi kwamathumbu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba isebenze ngakumbi ekuhlolweni komhlaza we-colon

Ezi zibonelelo ziye zaseka i-FITnjengovavanyo lokuqala olungenalo uhlaseloindlela kumazwe amaninzi.

Iingcebiso zoHlolo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe

Imibutho emikhulu yamazwe ngamazwe icebisa ukuhlolwa rhoqo komhlaza we-colorectal kubantu abadala abasengozini eqhelekileyo.

• · I-USPSTFicebisa ukuhlolwa kwabantu abadala abaneminyaka yobudalaIminyaka engama-45–75, kunye ne-FIT yonyaka njengenye yeendlela zokuhlola ezicetyiswayo.
• · Umbutho woMhlaza waseMelika (i-ACS)ikwacebisa ukuba kuqaliswe ukuhlolwa rhoqo eUneminyaka engama-45 ubudala.
• · Izikhokelo zokuhlola umhlaza we-colorectal eYurophuukuxhasa iinkqubo zokuhlola ezisekelwe kwi-FIT, ngokuqhelekileyo rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-50-74 ubudala.

Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela yokuhlola, abantu abaneziphumo ezilungileyo ze-FIT kufuneka bahlolwe i-colonoscopy ukuze bavavanywe ngakumbi kwaye baqinisekiswe izilonda ze-colorectal.

Yintoni Eyenza Uvavanyo lwe-FIT olusemgangathweni ophezulu?

Xa ukhetha uvavanyo lwegazi olusebenzisa indle, iingcali zonyango kunye nabasebenzisi kufuneka baqwalasele iimpawu eziphambili:

• · Uvakalelo oluphezulu lohlalutyo lokufumanisa amazinga aphantsi e-hemoglobin yomntu
• · Ukucacisa okuphezulu ukunciphisa iziphumo ezingezizo ezilungileyo
• · Ingqokelela yeesampuli ezicocekileyo nezilula
• · Ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kunye nokugcinwa kobushushu begumbi
• · Umsebenzi olula oxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwasekhaya kunye noseto lobungcali

Ikhithi yoVavanyo lweGazi leMfihlo yeMacro kunye neMicro-Test (iColloidal Gold)

Uvavanyo lweMacro kunye neMicro luphuhlise i-Ikhithi yoVavanyo lweGazi leMfihlo yeNtlalo (iColloidal Gold)isekelwe kwitekhnoloji ye-immunochromatographic, ebonelela ngesisombululo esikhawulezayo, esilula, nesicocekileyo sokuhlola umhlaza we-colorectal.

Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka:

• · Iziphumo ezikhawulezayo zomgangatho kwimizuzu emi-5-10
• · Uvakalelo lohlalutyo lwe40 ng/mL i-hemoglobin yomntu
• · Itekhnoloji yokubona umzimba, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kokutya kunye namayeza
• · Ityhubhu yokuthatha isampuli ehlanganisiweyo entshaukuqokelelwa kweesampuli ezicocekileyo nezicocekileyo kunezo ziyilo zendabuko ezisekelwe kwiikhasethi
• · Ifanelekile kokubini ukuzivavanya kunye nokusetyenziswa kobungcali
• · Indawo yokugcina ubushushu begumbi (4–30°C) enobomi beshelufu obufikelela kwiinyanga ezingama-24

Yenzelwe ukuphucula ukufikeleleka kunye namava omsebenzisi, le khithi ixhasa uhlolo olulula ngelixa igcina ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kohlalutyo.

Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kusindisa ubomi. Ngokwenza uvavanyo lomhlaza we-colorectal lube lula kwaye lufikeleleke lula, uvavanyo lwe-FIT lunokunceda ekuchongeni isifo ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu, nto leyo evumela ukungenelela kwangoko kwezonyango kunye neziphumo ezingcono zesigulana.

Funda ngakumbi malunga neMacro kunyeIkhithi yoVavanyo lwegazi le-Fecal Occult Test Micro-Test: