Umhla woku-1 kweyoMnga ngo-2022 lusuku lwama-35 lweHlabathi lwe-AIDS. I-UNAIDS iqinisekisa ukuba umxholo woSuku lweHlabathi lwe-AIDS luka-2022 uthi "Linganisa".Isihloko sijolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho wokuthintela nonyango lwe-AIDS, ukukhuthaza lonke uluntu ukuba luphendule ngenkuthalo kumngcipheko wokosuleleka yi-AIDS, kunye nokwakha kunye nokwabelana ngendawo yokuhlala esempilweni.
Ngokwedatha yeNkqubo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo kwi-AIDS, ukusukela ngo-2021, bekukho abantu abatsha abayi-1.5 yezigidi abasulelekileyo yi-HIV kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye abantu abangama-650,000 baza kufa ngenxa yezifo ezinxulumene ne-AIDS. Ubhubhane we-AIDS uza kubangela ukufa okuqhelekileyo ngomzuzu omnye.
01 Yintoni i-AIDS?
I-AIDS ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome". Sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yintsholongwane yokungabikho kwe-immune system (HIV), ebangela ukutshatyalaliswa kwenani elikhulu le-T lymphocytes kwaye yenza umzimba womntu ulahlekelwe ngumsebenzi wokuzikhusela. I-T lymphocytes ziiseli zokuzikhusela zomzimba zabantu. I-AIDS yenza abantu babe sesichengeni sezifo ezahlukeneyo kwaye inyusa amathuba okuba neethumba ezinobungozi, njengoko ii-T-cells zezigulane zitshatyalaliswa, kwaye amasosha omzimba abo aphantsi kakhulu. Okwangoku akukho nyango losulelo lwe-HIV, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho nyango lwe-AIDS.
02 Iimpawu zosulelo lwe-HIV
Iimpawu eziphambili zosulelo lwe-AIDS ziquka umkhuhlane ongapheliyo, ubuthathaka, i-lymphadenopathy engapheliyo, kunye nokwehla kobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-10% kwiinyanga ezi-6. Izigulane ze-AIDS ezinezinye iimpawu zinokubangela iimpawu zokuphefumla ezifana nokukhwehlela, iintlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, njl. Iimpawu zesisu: i-anorexia, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, urhudo, njl. Ezinye iimpawu: isiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu, ukungaphenduli, ukwehla kwengqondo, njl.
03 Iindlela zokosuleleka yi-AIDS
Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokosulelwa yi-HIV: ukosulelwa ngegazi, ukosulelwa ngokwesondo, kunye nokosulelwa ngumama nomntwana.
(1) Ukudluliselwa kwegazi: Ukudluliselwa kwegazi yeyona ndlela ithe ngqo yosulelo. Umzekelo, iisirinji ezisetyenziswa kunye, amanxeba amatsha achaphazeleka ligazi okanye iimveliso zegazi ezine-HIV, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezingcolisiweyo zokujova, i-acupuncture, ukukhupha amazinyo, iitattoo, ukugqobhoza iindlebe, njl. Zonke ezi meko zisengozini yosulelo lwe-HIV.
(2) Usulelo lwesondo: Usulelo lwesondo yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yosulelo lwe-HIV. Ukudibana ngokwesondo phakathi kwabantu abathandana nabo okanye abantu abathandana nabo kunokukhokelela ekosulelekeni yi-HIV.
(3) Ukudluliselwa komntwana ngumama: Oomama abane-HIV badlulisela i-HIV kumntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukubeletha okanye emva kokuncancisa.
Izisombululo ze-04
I-Macro kunye ne-Micro-Test zibandakanyeke kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwesixhobo sokufumanisa izifo ezinxulumene nokosuleleka, kwaye zenze i-HIV Quantitative Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR). Le sixhobo sifanelekile ekufumaneni ubungakanani be-RNA ye-human immunodeficiency virus kwiisampuli ze-serum/plasma. Ingajonga amanqanaba e-HIV virus egazini lezigulana ezine-human immunodeficiency virus ngexesha lonyango. Ibonelela ngeendlela ezincedisayo zokuxilonga kunye nokunyanga izigulana ezine-immunodeficiency virus.
| Igama lemveliso | Inkcazo |
| Isixhobo sokuFumanisa ubungakanani be-HIV (i-Fluorescence PCR) | Uvavanyo oluyi-50/ikhithi |
Iingenelo
(1)Ulawulo lwangaphakathi lungeniswa kule nkqubo, enokubeka esweni ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yovavanyo kwaye iqinisekise umgangatho we-DNA ukuze kuthintelwe iziphumo ezingezizo ezilungileyo.
(2)Isebenzisa indibaniselwano ye-PCR amplification kunye ne-fluorescent probes.
(3)Uvakalelo oluphezulu: i-LoD yekhithi yi-100 IU/mL, i-LoQ yekhithi yi-500 IU/mL.
(4)Sebenzisa ikhithi ukuvavanya ireferensi yesizwe ye-HIV exutyiweyo, i-coefficient yayo yokuhambelana komgca (r) ayifanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-0.98.
(5)Ukuphambuka ngokupheleleyo kwisiphumo sokufumanisa (lg IU/mL) kokuchaneka akufanele kube ngaphezulu kwe-±0.5.
(6)Ukuchaneka okuphezulu: akukho kudibana kweentsholongwane nezinye iisampuli zentsholongwane okanye iibhaktheriya ezifana: i-human cytomegalovirus, i-EB virus, i-human immunodeficiency virus, i-hepatitis B virus, i-hepatitis A virus, i-syphilis, i-herpes simplex virus type 1, i-herpes simplex virus type 2, i-influenza A virus, i-staphylococcus aureus, i-candida albicans, njl.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-01-2022