Ekupheleni kuka-1995, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) ekhethwe nge-24 kaMatshi njengoSuku lweStube loSuku lweHlabathi.
1 Ukuqonda isifo sephepha
Isifo sephepha (i-TB) sisifo esingafunekiyo esingapheliyo, sikwabizwa ngokuba "sisifo sokusebenzisa". Sisifo esinganyangekiyo esinganyangekiyo esingesifo esisiseko esibangelwa yi-Mycobacterium Tuberculosis esihlase umzimba womntu. Akuchaphazwanga kubudala, isini, ubuhlanga, umsebenzi kunye nommandla. Amalungu amaninzi kunye neenkqubo zomzimba womntu zinokubandezeleka kwisifo sephepha, apho isifo sephepha sesona sixhaphakileyo.
Isifo sephepha sisifo esinganyangekiyo esibangelwa sisifo sephepha se-Mycobacterium, esihlasela amalungu omzimba wonke. Kuba indawo enosulelo eqhelekileyo yimiphunga, ihlala ibizwa ngokuba sisifo sephepha.
Ngaphezulu kwe-90% yosulelo lwesifo sephepha idluliselwa kwiphecana lokuphefumla. Izigulana zesifo sephepha ziyasulelwa kukukhohlela, zityibilika, zenza ingxolo enkulu, ebangela ukuba i-publes ngesifo se-tuberculosis (ebizwa ngokuba yintsholongwane) ukuba ikhutshwe ngabantu abasempilweni.
2 Unyango lwezigulana zesifo sephepha
Unyango lweziyobisi lilitye lesiseko sonyango lwephepha lesifo sephepha. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zezifo zentsholongwane, unyango lwephepha lokufunda lunokuthatha ixesha elide. Kwisifo sephepha esisebenzayo se-pulmonary tuberculosis, i-anti-tuberculosis yesifo sephepha kufuneka ithathwe ubuncinci kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-9. Amachiza akhethekileyo kunye nexesha lonyango axhomekeke kubudala boguli, impilo epheleleyo kunye nokuxhathisa ngamachiza.
Xa izigulana zichasanisa kumachiza abokuqala, kufuneka zitshintshwe ngamachiza omgca wesibini. Elona chiza liqhelekileyo lisetyenziswa ngonyango lwe-pulmonary enganyangekiyo ngamachiza iquka i-isoniazid (it), iRifampicin (i-RFP), i-etham.com La machiza amahlanu abizwa ngokuba ziziyobisi zokuqala kwaye ziyasebenza ngaphezulu kwe-80% yezigulana zesifo sephepha esitsha sasePillforcial.
I-3 tuberculosis Imibuzo kunye nempendulo
Q: Ngaba i-tuberculo iphilisiwe?
A: Iipesenti ezingama-90 zezigulana ezinesifo sephepha sokuprinta zinokunyangeka emva kokunyanzelisa amayeza aqhelekileyo kwaye zigqibezele ikhosi emiselweyo (iinyanga ezingama-6-9). Naluphi na utshintsho kunyango kufuneka lugqitywe ngugqirha. Ukuba awuthathi iyeza ngexesha kwaye ugqibe ikhosi yonyango, iya kukhokelela ngokulula kwi-Tuberculosis. Nje ukuba ukunganyangeki kweziyobisi, ikhosi yonyango iya kufika ixesha elide kwaye iya kukhokelela ngokulula ekungaphumlweni konyango.
Q: Zimele ziqwalaselwe njani izigulana zesifo sephepha?
A: Nje ukuba kufunyaniswe sinesifo sephepha, kuya kufuneka ufumane unyango oluqhelekileyo lwe-anti-tuberculo ngokukhawuleza, landela icebiso likagqirha, thatha amayeza ngexesha, hlola rhoqo kwaye wakhe ukuzithemba. 1. Nikela ingqalelo yokuphumla kunye nokomeleza isondlo; 2. Nika ingqalelo kwi-hygiene yobuqu, kwaye ugubungele umlomo wakho kunye neempumlo ngeetawuli zephepha xa ukhohlela okanye ukuthunga; 3. Nciphisa ukuphuma kwaye unxibe imaski xa kufuneka uphume.
Q: Ngaba isifo sephepha sisifo sentsokothisile emva kokuba sinyange?
A: Emva konyango olusemgangathweni, ukusuleleka kwezigulana zesifo sephepha zokutsala isifo sephepha Emva kweeveki ezininzi zonyango, inani leebhaktiriya yesifo sephepha lesifo se-tuutum ziya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Uninzi lwezigulana ezine-pulmonary engasulelekiyo i-pulmonary turgonary igqibezela yonke ikhondo lonyango ngokweSicwangciso soNyango olumiselweyo. Emva kokufikelela kumgangatho wonyango, akukho cubritia intsholongwane inokufumaneka kwi-Sputum, ke ayisasuli.
Q: Ngaba isifo sephepha sisifo sentsokothisile emva kokuba sinyange?
A: Emva konyango olusemgangathweni, ukusuleleka kwezigulana zesifo sephepha zokutsala isifo sephepha Emva kweeveki ezininzi zonyango, inani leebhaktiriya yesifo sephepha lesifo se-tuutum ziya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Uninzi lwezigulana ezine-pulmonary engasulelekiyo i-pulmonary turgonary igqibezela yonke ikhondo lonyango ngokweSicwangciso soNyango olumiselweyo. Emva kokufikelela kumgangatho wonyango, akukho cubritia intsholongwane inokufumaneka kwi-Sputum, ke ayisasuli.
Isisombululo se-Tuberculosis
I-Macro kunye neMicro-Micro-micro ibonelela ezi mveliso zilandelayo:
Ukufunyanwa kweI-MTB (i-Mycobacterium Tuclosis) i-nucleic acid
1. Ukwaziswa kwesalathiso sangaphakathi Ukulawulwa komgangatho wolawulo lwangaphakathi kwinkqubo kunokukuqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yovavanyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba umgangatho wovavanyo.
I-2. I-PCR ye-purpy kunye neprojekhthi ye-fluorescent inokudityaniswa.
I-3. Ubuntu obuPhakamileyo: Umda wokuCinyanisa ubuncinci yi-1 yebhakteria / ml.
Ukufunyanwa kweUkunganyangeki kwe-isoniazid kwi-MTB
1. Ukwaziswa kwesalathiso sangaphakathi Ukulawulwa komgangatho wolawulo lwangaphakathi kwinkqubo kunokukuqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yovavanyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba umgangatho wovavanyo.
2. I-Arm-Cocation Systion System yamkelwa, kunye nendlela yokudibanisa itekhnoloji ye-Fluorescent Probe yamkelwa.
3. Imvakalelo ephakamileyo: Umda wokuCinyanisa ubuncinci yi-1000 yeebhaktiriya / ml, kunye noxinzelelo olungalinganiyo lweziyobisi nge-1% okanye ngaphezulu.
4. Ubuchule obuphezulu: Akukho nto inqamlezayo eguqukayo ngotshintsho (511, 516, 521) neendawo ezine zokunganyangeki kwe-RPOB.
Ukufumanisa utshintsho lweI-MTB kunye neRifampining
1. Ukwaziswa kwesalathiso sangaphakathi Ukulawulwa komgangatho wolawulo lwangaphakathi kwinkqubo kunokukuqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yovavanyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba umgangatho wovavanyo.
2. Indlela yokunyibilika inyibilikisi edibene neprojeki evaliweyo ye-fluorescent eneziseko ze-RNA isetyenziselwe ukufunyanwa kwe-vitro ampling.
I-3. Ubuntu obuPhakamileyo: Umda wokuCinyanisa ubuncinci ziintsholongwane ezingama-50 / ml.
4. Ubuchule obuphezulu: Akukho nto inqamlezayo kunye ne-genome yomntu, enye i-mycobacteria ye-mycobacte kunye ne-pneumonia pathogens; Iisayithi eziguqukayo zenye iintlobo ze-pire-yohlobo lwe-mycobacterium, njenge katg 315G> C \ And -15 c> I-T, kwaye iziphumo azibonakalisile impendulo.
I-MTB YETB NYCLEIC Acid (i-EPIA)
1. Ukwaziswa kwesalathiso sangaphakathi Ukulawulwa komgangatho wolawulo lwangaphakathi kwinkqubo kunokukuqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yovavanyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba umgangatho wovavanyo.
2. I-enzyme yokugaya i-Probe ye-Anlpharing ye-Anlphant yamkelwa, kwaye ixesha lokuphononongwa lifutshane, kwaye iziphumo zinokufumaneka kwimizuzu engama-30.
3. Nxibelelana ne-Arhente ye-Macro kunye neMicro-Micro-Micro-Micro kunye ne-Macro kunye neMicro-Micro kunye neHed-Micro-Micro-Micro.
I-4. Ubuntu obuPhakamileyo: Ubuncinci bomgangatho wokufumana i-1000Copies / ml.
5. Ubuchule obuphezulu: Akukho nto inqamlezayo kunye nenye i-Mycofacteria ye-Mycobacterias Mycobacteria, njenge-Mycobacterium yase-Mycoum, i-Mycobacterium yase-MyCheacum, i-MyCheacterium, njl. Njl. njl.).
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UMar-22-2024